夜色温柔下的美国梦的幻灭

 司各特•菲茨杰拉尔德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）是二十世纪二十年代最具代表性的美国作家之一。由于他的作品真实而生动的描述了这一时期的美国风貌，因而被誉为“爵士时代的桂冠诗人”。“美国梦”有着悠久的历史渊源，它是美国大觉醒运动中孕育出来的一种美国式的民主理想。美国梦作为美国理想、美国神话和美国精神，伴随着整个美利坚民族文学的发展，具有悠久的历史和丰富的内涵。
    从美国伟人富兰克林开始，美国梦就一直是美国的传统。菲茨杰拉尔德是一位负有责任感的严肃作家，他的小说生动描述了那个时代的生活全景。在他的作品中大量融人了自己的生活经历，向人们展示了二十年代美国社会的浮华与喧嚣，以及深藏其后的衰败和空虚，探究了当时的美国人对于以财富和享乐为特征的虚幻美国梦的追求以及追求这种错误的价值观所带来后果，许多他创造的角色和他本人一样，追求上流社会纸醉金迷的享乐生活，梦想实现个人理想，但最后他们的梦想被无情的现实击得粉碎。《夜色温柔》是菲茨杰拉德的第四部长篇小说，描写的是一个出身低微但却才华出众的青年如何对富有梦幻色彩的理想的追求，以及如何遭到失败、变的意志消沉、颓废的故事。
    在《夜色温柔》中主人，他把尼克尔当作美国梦的化身，迪克是一个心理医生，他默默献出了十几年的光阴来照料患病的尼科尔，尼科尔恢复了自我意识后却离开了他，迪克带着疲惫不堪的身心回到家乡小镇默默行医。而他最终却被上流社会所毁或被抛弃，他的美国梦也化为泡影。本文分三部分来进行探讨，分析作品主人公迪克的“美国梦”、探讨其“美国梦”破灭的原因以及揭示其“美国梦”的破灭给我们的启示。
关键词：美国梦；理想；幻灭；启示
Abstract

    F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the most representative writers of the 1920s. His vivid description of the American society in his age wins him the title of “the Poet Laureate of the Jazz Age.” The "American dream" has a long history, and it is a democratic ideal that conceived in the Great Awakening movement in the United States. With the development of the whole American national literature, the American dream as the ideal, the myth and the American spirit, has a long history and rich connotations. The great man Benjamin Franklin is the myth of the American dream in history. Fitzgerald deeply felt the spiritual emptiness and moral decadence under the superficial splendor and prosperity in that age and portrayed the overall picture of the society vividly. In his works, he unmasks the hypocrisy and emptiness of America in the 1920s under the superficial uproar and vanity, and examines an entire generation’s search for the elusive American dream of wealth and happiness and scrutinizes the consequences of the generation’s adherence to false values. Many characters in his works, like the author himself, pursue a life of luxury and dissipation, dreaming of realizing their own ideals, but their dreams are inevitably smashed by the relentless reality. Tender Is the Night is F. Scott Fitzgerald’s forth long novel about a youth who is poor but talented, how to pursue his colorful dream and how to fail then became depressed and decadent.
    The hero of Tender Is the Night Dick wanted to enter the upper class by his own effort. He seemed Nicole as the embodiment of the American dream. He was a psychological doctor, he silently dedicated more than ten years to cure his wife the mad Nicole, but Nicole had left him after recovered self-consciousness, Dick went back to his hometown as a doctor with a tired body and mind quietly. Dick was abandoned by the upper class. So Dick’s American dream also failed in the end. This thesis is divided into three parts to discuss. The first part is to discuss Dick’ American dream, the second is to analyze the reason of disillusionment of his dream, and the last part is to reveal the revelation that the disillusionment of the American dream brings to us.

Key words: American dream; ideal; disillusionment; revelation

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