《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫性格分析

作为十九世纪英国女作家艾米莉•勃朗特在《呼啸山庄》中塑造的复仇者形象，希斯克里夫以其性格的复杂性使整部小说充满了戏剧张力。这一特定社会环境下造就的特殊性格决定了人物的特殊命运。本文试图从社会心理学角度，运用弗洛伊德精神分析理论，从社会环境与人物潜意识、意识、前意识相互关系以及本我、自我与超我层面对人物性格特点及命运进行分析，揭示人物复杂性格的根源、悲剧的成因以及人物性格对命运的影响。论文一二章介绍了研究意义并回顾了学界观点。第三章介绍了弗洛伊德精神分析理论并运用该理论进行人物性格剖析；第四章从本我、自我、超我角度阐述了人物性格对命运的影响。结论部分对全文作了简要总结。

关键词：希斯克里夫；性格；命运; 弗洛伊德; 精神分析
Abstract
As the image of avenger in the novel Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, Heathcliff has such a complicated character that makes the novel full of dramatic tension. This special character caused by specific social environment determines special fates. This paper tries to analyze character and destiny and to clarify the source of his complicated character, the reason for tragedy and the impacts of Heathcliff’s character on fates from the point of social psychology about unconsciousness, consciousness and preconsciousness, and from the side of id, ego and superego with Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis. The first and the second chapters introduce the significance of the study and the view of the academics. The third chapter introduces psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud and analyses his main character by this theory. The fourth chapter is the impacts of Heathcliff’s character on fates from the side of id, ego and superego. The conclusion summarizes the view of the paper briefly.

Key words: Heathcliff; characters; fate; Sigmund Freud; psychoanalysis

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