论《雾都孤儿》狄更斯对人性的剖析及局限性

《雾都孤儿》是英国文豪查尔斯•狄更斯的早期作品之一。狄更斯作为英国十九世纪维多利亚时代最杰出的文学家，创作了很多佳作，多着眼于社会底层大众尤其是儿童。作为将儿童作为文学创作主角的第一人，他塑造了众多栩栩如生的儿童形象，奥利弗•特韦斯特是第一个，也是最鲜活的一个。狄更斯在《雾都孤儿》中刻画了一系列人物，伪善的基督徒、罪恶的费金、正义感强烈但命运凄惨的南希、勇敢善良正直的奥利弗都给我们留下了深刻的印象。狄更斯通过这几类人对人性做了深刻的描写与剖析，警醒世人要惩恶扬善，表达了对黑暗罪恶充满剥削的社会的批判，也表达了对一个更友善更平等社会的诉求和向往。《雾都孤儿》作为狄更斯早期作品，难免在结构、人物塑造、思想性等方面有所欠缺与局限。本文将围绕狄更斯对人性的刻画及其局限性进行研究与探讨。

关键字：儿童形象；道德感；人性光辉；局限性
Abstract
Oliver Twist is one of the early masterpieces written by the British literary giant Charles Dickens. As the most outstanding writer in Victorian age ,Charles Dickens has plenty of extraordinary works, most of  which focused on the oppressed class especially children. Charles Dickens is the first novelist who takes children as the leading hero in adult novels. He has portrayed many vivid children characters of which Oliver Twist is the most delightful and the very first. The vivid characters in Oliver Twist including the hypocritic Christians, old evil Fagin, the brave but miserable Nancy and the kind and honest Oliver have all left a deep impression on the readers. Dickens’ deep exploration to human nature admonishes people to praise the goodness and resent the bad. He criticizes the dark and impersonal society and expresses his eagerness and pursuit for a more friendly, more equal nation. Oliver Twist still has some limitations and blemish in structuring , writing and ideological level. The paper will do some related researches and exploration on Oliver Twist.

Key words: image of children; sense of morality; sparks of human nature; limitations

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