《藻海无边》中的身份危机

加勒比女作家简•里斯的小说《藻海无边》是以夏洛特•勃朗特的长篇小说《简•爱》为故事的蓝本重写了罗切斯特先生的前妻—疯女人安托瓦内特，即伯莎。在《简•爱》中，夏洛特•勃朗特没有详细讲述疯女人，而《藻海无边》正好丰满了这一疯女人的形象，再现她的故事。小说自成一统，有它本身的艺术价值。可以说它是《简•爱》的姐妹篇。它从另一角度向我们讲述了一个特定环境下的梦魇般的故事。小说追溯她与罗切斯特的婚姻悲剧，同时成功塑造了一位置身于西印度群岛文化夹缝中的边缘人安托瓦内特的成长经历。小说的独特之处不仅在于解开了《简•爱》中那个来自西印度群岛的克里奥耳女子的疯狂之谜，同时也折射出身为克里奥尔耳女作家的里斯本人的身份危机感。本论文从新历史主义文本理论出发，分析女主角的身份危机和疯狂之迷。本论文主要从四个角度出发来分析女主人公的身份危机。在种族世界里，作为一个欧洲人和当地人混血的克里奥耳人，她被纯种的白人所蔑视，又被纯种的黑人所蔑视；在殖民世界中，她又被排除中心而成为边缘；作为父权制社会的女性，她又无法掌握自己的身份，在与罗切斯特的婚姻中，她被自己的丈夫所排斥和无视。正是因为这些多重身份导致女主人公疯狂。本论文旨在通过多重身份认同危机，揭示了一个处于边缘地位的女性寻求自我属性的痛苦心路历程以及她无法摆脱的身份困境。女主人公试图通过婚姻来确定自己的身份，但是婚姻带给她的只是更多的痛苦和绝望。最后因为那些痛苦的因素,比如说身份危机，丈夫的背叛等等，致使主人公丧失了自己的主体意识并且成为了阁楼上的疯女人。

关键字：文本；藻海无边；身份危机；疯狂
Identity Crisis in Wide Sargasso Sea
Abstract: Writing back from Jane Eyre, Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys, retells the story of Antoinette, Mr. Rochester’s ex-wife, who is also called Bertha. In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte does not elaborate about the crazy woman, but Wide Sargasso Sea just portrays the image of the crazy woman in an extensive way. It presents the woman’s story. The novel has its own system and has its own artistic value. It can be the companion volume of Jane Eyre. It tells about a specific environmental nightmare story from another point of view. The novel dates back to her marriage tragedy with Rochester, meanwhile successfully shapes a marginal woman’s painful growing experience. The heroine lives in the West Indian cultural crack. The novel’s uniqueness not only discloses the crazy myth of the Creole woman from West Indies, but also reflects the identity crisis of Jean Rhys as a Creole writer. The paper is from the New Historicalism text to analyze the heroine’s identity crisis and the myth of the madness. The paper is mainly from four points of view to analyze the heroine’s identity crisis. In the race world, as a hybrid of European and local Creole, she is both contemned by the pure White and the pure Black; in the colonial world, she is excluded from the center to the edge; as a woman in the patriarchal society, she can not control her own identity, in the marriage with Rochester, she is excluded and ignored by her own husband. The heroine faces so many identity crises that make her crazy. The paper aims to reveal the painful experiences of a margined woman seeking self-identification through multi-identity crisis and the identity she can not get rid of. She tries to ascertain her own identity through marriage, but she fails. The marriage brings her much more suffers and desperation. At last, these suffering factors, such as identity crisis, her husband’s betrayal and so on, make her lose her own consciousness and become the mad woman in the attic room.

Keywords: text; Wide Sargasso Sea; identity crisis; mad

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