论中美文化的融合——《喜福会》中母女间不同观念的碰撞

本文以谭恩美的小说《喜福会》为例，论述移民父母与美国出生和成长的子女间的冲突和中美文化从冲突到融合。母亲们来自战乱频繁的中国，通常有段不堪回首的过去，来到新大陆之后，她们把所有的希望寄托在女儿身上，“望女不成凤”的心情却带给女儿极大的压力；母亲们更用传统方式管教女儿。与美国父母“民主式”的教育方式，传统的中国父母不习惯赞美小孩，而且要求子女绝对服从。母女并非不爱彼此，但碍于文化的隔阂，不是不知如何表达关爱，就是表错了意，结果往往两个最亲密的人，却往往对彼此造成最严重的伤害。
作者谭恩美本身是一位美籍华裔作家，她这个身份更能体现出中美文化碰撞。本文通过分析这部作品中母女间不同文化观念的对比来突出四对母女间的文化冲突，论述了通过互相理解互相沟通，不同的文化可以最大限度的避免冲突，最终达成共识。冲突的解决时融合的象征，意味着中美两国的文化紧密相连。也就是说，不同文化的人可以通过互相沟通，互相理解来减少冲突，从而达成共识。

关键词：文化冲突；文化融合；文化全球化
On Cultural Amalgamation between China and USA---the Different Concepts between Mothers and Daughters in The Joy Luck Club
Abstract: My thesis is based on Amy Tan’s first novel----The Joy Luck Club----to discuss the conflicts between immigrant parents and their U.S.-born or U.S.-raised children and the amalgamation between the Chinese culture and the American culture. The four Chinese mothers who came from old China had a miserable past. After coming to the new world, they put all their hopes on their Chinese=American daughters but the four daughters refused to realize the mothers’ hopes. Thus, the hit mothers had extreme pressure and they used traditional Chinese means to teach their daughters. Compared with American democratic teaching methods, the traditional Chinese parents would not praise their children and liked to ask their children to obey their order. The four mothers and four daughters in the novel loved each other very much but had conflicts because of the culture difference. It was not that they did not know how to express their loves. It was just the misunderstandings caused by cultural difference existed between the four mothers and the four daughters made the conflicts appear. Therefore, the closest mothers and daughters often hurt each other deeply.
As a Chinese-American writer, Amy Tan can show the cultural conflicts fully. My thesis shows that the cultural conflicts can be avoided and reach a consensus finally by mutual understanding and mutual communication through compared with the different concepts between the mothers and the daughters in the The Joy Luck Club. The resolution of the conflicts is the symbol of amalgamation. It means that the two different cultures----the Chinese culture and the American culture---- is amalgamated constantly and connected with each other tightly. That is to say, people from different cultural backgrounds can reduce misunderstanding and get to know each other through communication. As a result, the cultural globalization appears.

Keywords: cultural difference; cultural amalgamation; cultural globalization;

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