中西餐桌礼仪的比较

进入21世纪以来，跨文化交际已经成为人类生活中不可或缺的一部分。饮食文化和餐桌礼仪是跨文化交际中非语言文化的重要组成部分。
中西餐桌礼仪在宾客的座次安排、餐具的使用、上菜次序和离席时的礼仪存在着许多不同点。中西方不同的文化内涵、不同的思维方式、不同的生活态度和不同的饮食结构形成了不同的餐桌礼仪。同时，中西方的餐桌礼仪也存在着一些相同点。随着社会的不断发展，中西方餐桌礼仪变的越来越简单，在一般的宴会中餐桌礼仪并不会很复杂，这也适应了全球化的发展趋势，外国人就能比较容易的学会本国的餐桌礼仪了。而在正式的宴会中，中西方国家的人们都非常讲究座次的安排，都非常的尊敬老人。每个国家的人们都注重对孩子的餐桌礼仪教育。
中西方国家的餐桌上的文化互相影响，相互融合，使得两者都变得更加的完美和科学。随着越来越频繁的国际间交往，地球越来越小，成为了地球村。但这并没有使人们的心理间的距离消失，由于不同的饮食习惯跨文化交际中就会出现摩擦，从某种意义上说，文化摩擦不可避免。
因此，在跨文化交际过程中需要建立一个对立统一价值观，努力的去相互理解，相互适应，但这并不意味着要完全抛弃他们自己的风俗和价值观。餐桌礼仪的发展需要在结合自身的特点的同时对外来的礼仪要取其精华去其糟粕，使其能够发展的更加具有时代性。

关键词：餐桌礼仪；不同点；中国；西方国家
The Comparison of Table Manners between China and Western Countries
Abstract: Entering the 21st century, cross-cultural communication has become an indispensable part of human life. Food culture and table manners are one of the important parts of non-verbal culture in cross-cultural communication.
Chinese and Western table manners have differences in seat arrangement, the use of dishware, serving the order and leaving etiquette. Different cultural connotations, the different thinking ways, the different living attitude and the different diet structure in the Western and China created the different table manners. China and Western table manners also have some common points. With the social development the China and Western table manners are becoming increasingly simple, in the general banquet the table manners are not very complicated, it is also adapted to the trend of globalization, and foreigners can learn their table manners faster. Both the China and Western countries are very dainty about the formal dinner event of the seating arrangements, and very respectful to elders. Every country is focused on the education on the child's table manners.
  Chinese and Western table culture influence each other, and then they are gradually mutual integration, so that the two have become perfect, scientific. With the increasingly frequent international exchanges, the earth is becoming smaller. But this can not make the distant of people's psychology disappear and cross-cultural communication is often in a result of friction because of the different eating habits. In a sense, this cultural friction is inevitable.
Therefore, in the process of cross-cultural communication, it should form a unity of opposites of the values. Every country tries best to understand each other, in order to achieve mutual adaptation, but they should not completely abandon their own custom and values. All in all, the Chinese and Western food culture in the collision will change and appear new features. Under the Globalization, the intercultural communication will promote the Chinese food culture dissemination and development in the world.

Keyword: table manners; different; china; western countries

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