解析《一位女士的肖像》中伊莎贝尔的婚姻悲剧

亨利詹姆斯（1843-1916）被誉为十九至二十世纪心理现实主义大师。作者始终遵循着“心理现实主义”原则，成功地塑造了伊莎贝尔阿切尔这一形象。因此，被称为是一部“经得起用各种方法阅读的佳作”。
《一位女士的肖像》讲述了来到欧洲的美国姑娘伊莎贝尔内心满怀者对欧洲古老文明的向往和期待。身上具有典型美国人的特征：直率，单纯，崇尚独立，追求自由。对独立和自由的追求和坚持一直是伊莎贝尔的信念。她先后拒绝了美国实业家古德伍德，沃伯顿伯爵。最终选择了“一无所有”的奥斯蒙德。事实证明奥斯蒙德完全是为了骗取她的钱财。当真相大白后，已经成熟起来的伊莎贝尔毅然决定面对现实，留在丈夫身边，再一次选择了自己的生活道路。美国人的个人理想主义虽然在欧洲文化传统面前破灭了，但美国人的优良道德和独立个性通过女主人公的行动又一次显示了出来。
本论文通过分析伊莎贝尔性格、周围环境、以及欧美大陆文化差异等来探讨她的婚姻悲剧所产生的原因。它包括三个部分：第一部分从伊莎贝尔的性格缺陷来分析造成伊莎贝尔婚姻悲剧的内在原因。第二部分阐述了社会因素对于伊莎贝尔悲剧婚姻影响。第三部分通过对分析伊莎贝尔最终选择奥斯蒙德身边来表达她强烈的责任意识，试图论证伊莎贝尔的最终回归，是一种坚持道德原则、勇于承担责任、维护婚姻神圣性的行为。

关键词：选择   悲剧    责任    回归  
Analysis of the Marriage Tragedy of Isabel Archer
in The Portrait of a Lady

Abstract

The American writer HenryJames (1843-1916) is generally considered as the master of psychological realistic during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He presents successfully the heroine Isabel Archer in accordance with the principle of psychological reality. Therefore, this novel is regarded as a masterpiece worth reading in different ways.
The portrait of a lady tells us a girl from America who is eager for the civilization of Europe. With the traditional personality of American, she is frank, innocent and abounds with the worship of independence and freedom, and these two beliefs are so important to her. She rejects Lord Warburton and Caspar Goodwood and chooses Osmond later who has none. But the fact is that Osmond marries her totally driven by the money that Isabel got from her uncle. When the truth came out, Isabel resolutely decided to face reality, to stay with her husband, and once again she chose her own way of life. The Americans’ personal idealism shattered in the traditional culture of Europe. However, the fine moral and independent personality of the Americans is shown out again through the heroine.
This thesis consists of three parts. The first part analyzes the internal causes for Isabel’s tragic marriage. The second part probes into the external causes for this tragedy. And the last part shows us that Isabel has strong sense of responsibility with choosing to stay with Osmond lastly, which attempts to demonstrate Isabel final regression is an act of adhering to ethical principles, also shows us the courage of Isabel to take responsibility for maintaining the sanctity of marriage.

Key words: Choice,   Tragedy,   Responsibility,   Return

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