从道歉看中英文化差异

随着世界的全球化，世界各地的联系更加密切。东西方存在不同的地理环境、风俗习惯以及行为准则等。在跨文化交际中，由于不了解对方的文化背景，不能准确地解析对方的信息、从而导致跨文化交际的失败。道歉作为跨文化交际的特殊一面，处理不当会导致跨文化交际的失败。因此，不同文化背景的人应相互了解，互为尊重，互相补充，来达到中西沟通的目的。
本文旨在探究不同的道歉方式体现出来的中西方文化的差异。本文介绍了文化的定义、语言和文化的关系以及道歉反映出的文化价值，接着给出了中英道歉的特征，最后探讨了中西方道歉语体现的文化价值。道歉中包含中西方不同的文化含义。对中英文中的不同道歉方式的探讨，可以减少交际失误，从而提高学生对跨文化差异的认识和敏感性,最终提高其跨文化交际能力。

关键词：交际能力；道歉方式；跨文化差异
Abstract
With the globalization of the world, the contact from all over the world becomes much closer. There are different geographical environment, customs, code of conduct, etc. between China and western countries. In cross-cultural communication, due to lack of knowing each other’s cultures in advance and correctly parsing the information of the others, it causes the fault of cross-cultural communication. Apology，as a special form in cross-cultural communication，is one of the main reasons for failure in cross-cultural communication. Therefore, people from different cultural backgrounds should understand each other, respect each other, and complement each other, to achieve the purpose of communication between China and western countries.
This paper aims to study the cultural differences between China and the West from the perspective of apologies. It introduces the definition of culture, language and Culture, and apologizing as a reflection of cultural values. Then it gives the features of apologies in English and Chinese based on the survey. Finally it explores the cultural difference of apologies in English and Chinese. Therefore, there is great necessity to examine the apologies in English and Chinese, people’s awareness of cross-cultural differences can be increased and communicative competence can be enhanced through this way.

Key words: communicative competence; apology; cross-cultural difference

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