幼儿羞怯心理产生的原因及对策—基于马斯洛需要层次论的分析
幼儿期是个体一生中身心发展最为迅速的时期，此时形成的一些个性品质对人今后的发展有重要影响，随着人们对幼儿心理健康问题愈加重视，孩子能否在身体、心理各方面获得最佳发展成为成人越来越关注的问题。在幼儿的诸多心理现象中，羞怯作为一种普遍存在的心理现象，虽然不像一些严重的心理疾病那样对孩子的成长有明显的危害，却阻碍着其良好个性特征的形成及人格的完善发展。作为人本主义心理学的创立者，马斯洛在其人格理论中提出的需要层次论详细阐述了人在一生中面临的各种需要，深入分析了影响个体发展的诸多因素，对帮助幼儿克服羞怯心理及完善其人格发展有重要的借鉴意义。本文拟从先天气质、家庭氛围及教养方式和先前的交往经验三个角度出发分析幼儿羞怯心理产生的原因，并在需要层次论的基础上提出作者的部分建议，旨在为家长、教师及其他教养者更好地了解幼儿的心理和行为、帮助其克服羞怯心理提供一些参考。
关键词：幼儿 羞怯心理 需要层次论
Abstract: Early childhood is the most rapidly period of individual's life in physical and mental development. Some personality which formed at this time have great influence on people's development in the future. As people pay more and more attention on the physical and mental health problems of children, adults are increasingly concerned about the child's physical and mental ability can get the healthy development .In many psychological phenomena of children's shyness, as a common psychological phenomenon, although unlike some serious mental illness do significant harm to children's development, has hindered the establishment and development of good personality. As the founder of humanistic psychology, maslow's hierarchy of needs theory in his personality theory expounds on the various kinds of need of facing in your life, to inspire young interpersonal activities, help them to overcome the shyness has important significance reference. This article from the three point of view of innate temperament, family atmosphere and education, previous experience of dealing causes of shyness of children, and give some suggestions based on need hierarchy theory, designed for parents, teachers and other education a better understanding of children's psychology and behavior and provide some reference to overcome shyness.
Keywords: Children; shyness; hierarchical theory of needs
Causes and Countermeasures of the shyness of children
-- Based on the analysis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
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