基于包覆纺纱技术的超粗特短纤纱的开发及性能研究

包缠纺纱是近几十年发展起来的一种新型纺纱方法。包缠纱伸长大、强力高，且纱毛羽少，表面光洁，成纱蓬松性好，外观丰满，根据纱的这一特点，结合一些新材料的特性，我们开发了一种超粗特短纤包缠纱。
在试纺中，我们采用四种不同的常用原材料纺出粗纱作为纱芯，外面包缠涤纶长丝，形成包缠纱。这四种常用纤维材料分别为腈纶纤维,棉纤维,涤棉混纺,纯涤纤维。为保证芯纱强力使包覆工序正常进行，我们需要将粗纱再加捻，为此我们改进了粗纱机，在改进的粗纱机纱给普通粗纱增加3-4个捻度，这样使芯纱的强力大大增加，包覆过程中断头现象明显减少。包缠纱试纺过程中根据纤维原料不同和生产情况不断调节工艺参数，使之达到最优化。通过我们的试纺过程，可以肯定，这种纺纱技术是完全可行的。
经对纺出超粗特纱进行包括纱线强力、纱线毛羽、纱线条干、纱线摩擦性能等指标在内的测试，分析实验数据可以得出此种纱线具有优良的物理机械性能，腈纶包覆纱具有羊绒般柔软的手感，并且我们开发的超粗特包覆纱可以解决环锭纺无法纺制超粗特的问题。通过包缠涤纶长丝、粗纱芯以及超粗特包缠纱的强力的比较分析，可以得出包覆后的纱线强力远远大于前两者强力的简单相加。关于超粗特包覆纱的应用也做出了合理展望。

关键词：超粗特；包覆纺；纱线性能；工艺
 
 Development of Cover-spun Yarn with Heavy Linear Density and Analyses of Its Property
Abstract
The Cover-spun is a new type of spinning method developed in recent decades. Cover-spun yarns have high strength and elongation, also have attractive appearance.The perfect properties of cover-spun yarns and the raw materials make them suitable for developing heavy linear density yarns.
The process uses a conventional roving as the supply source for the staple fiber core. And we prepare several different kinds of textile fibers for the roving .These fibers include acrylic fiber, cotton fiber, polyester-cotton blend, pure polyester fiber. Then we need to plus 3-4 twist  to ordinary roving , so that the core yarn greatly increased. During the process of spinning cover-spun yarns, we try to adjust the technical parameters to make the yarn perfect.
Then we do some experiments to test properties of the yarn. In the end, we made a reasonable outlook on the heavy linear density yarns.
  

Keywords: heavy linear density; cover-spun; properties of the yarn; process of spinning

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