对《婚礼的成员》中双性同体人物弗兰淇的分析
卡森·麦卡勒斯是美国文学史上最著名的作家之一。在她短暂的一生中，完成了五部中长篇小说，两部戏剧，二十部短篇小说和一些散文诗歌。其中，《心是孤独的猎手》、《伤心咖啡馆之歌》、《婚礼的成员》最为著名。通观麦卡勒斯的小说，她对塑造畸形人有特殊的偏好，包括一群性别认同疑惑的人。麦卡勒斯对双性同体人物的持续关注可能源于她的个人经历。
《婚礼的成员》，发表于1946年，是麦卡勒斯的代表作。本文重点分析《婚礼的成员》中的双性同体人物弗兰淇。弗兰淇·亚当是一位不管是外貌、衣着，还是性格、行为上都极具男孩子气质的十二岁女孩。面对来自于渴望的性别角色和南方传统女性、野心和高贵得体的南方淑女之间的冲突，弗兰淇被迫放弃男孩子气质，在不断增长的焦虑中接受传统的女性身份。
本文共分为四部分。第一章简单的介绍了麦卡勒斯的生平及其作品《婚礼的成员》，第二章是对麦卡勒斯作品，特别是《婚礼的成员》的研究，以及双性同体理论的概述。第三章是对弗兰淇双性同体特点的详细分析，分为四个方面：女性身体的折磨、畸形人弗兰淇、弗兰淇的野心、以及弗兰淇作为双性同体人物的恐惧和孤独。第四章是对弗兰淇未来的分析。第五章是本文的总结部分。
关键词：麦卡勒斯； 弗兰淇； 双性同体； 畸形人
Abstract
Carson McCullers is one of the most prominent writers in American Literature. In her short life, she wrote five novels, two plays, twenty short stories and many essays and verses. Among these, The Heart is a Lonely Hunter, The Ballad of Sad Café and The Member of the Wedding are very famous. Taking a wide view of McCullers’ novels, she produced a special attachment for portraying freaks, including a group of people confused by gender identity. And Carson McCullers’ persistent concern for androgyny may be due to her personal experiences.
The Member of the Wedding, published in 1946, is the masterpiece of McCullers. This dissertation would mainly focus on the analysis of the androgynous Frankie. Frankie Addams is a girl with boyish personalities and features from her appearance, dressing, character and behavior. Facing the conflict between her desired gender role and the pressure of conventional southern womanhood, Frankie is forced to abandon boyish independence and accept a feminine identity increasingly fraught with anxiety.
This dissertation is divided into four chapters. Chapter One is the brief introduction to the life of McCullers, The Member of the Wedding, Chapter Two is the literature review of McCuller’s works, specially The Member of the Wedding, and a general survey of the theory of androgyny. Chapter Three is a detailed analysis of the androgynous Frankie, from four perspectives, the torture of the female body, Frankie as a freak, the ambitious Frankie, and the fear and loneliness of being androgynous. Chapter Four is to analyzing Frankie’s future. And Chapter Five is the conclusion part.
Key Words: McCullers; Frankie; Androgyny; Freak
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