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大学生就业心理问题研究


全文字数:40000字左右  原创时间:<=2022年

【内容摘要】

大学生就业心理问题研究


自改革开放以来,中国高等教育由“精英教育”转为“大众化教育”,“双向选择,自主择业”的就业模式也取代了传统的“统包统分”模式。但是,伴随着高等教育的改革,大学生就业心理问题层出不穷。加之近年全球金融危机给中国带来的不良影响还未消退,大学生就业心理问题也就愈发突出。
为了促进大学生更好地就业,了解其真实的就业心理,针对其产生因素相对应地提出解决对策,故对大学生进行针对性的问卷调查。一方面,可以了解各年级不同背景大学生真实的就业心理,以开展更为有效的职业生涯管理与职业指导工作;另一方面,也方便对毕业班已落实单位与未落实单位大学生就业心理进行差异化比对,这将有助于毕业生了解自身的就业心理,更好地就业。通过实证分析“大学生就业心理调查问卷”,力求真实反映各年级学生的就业心理,有的放矢。
研究结果表明:
1.就业准备和就业认知、观念、压力、能力等一样,是影响大学生就业的心理因素。
2.各年级不同背景大学生就业心理各不一致:相比女生,男生具备更良好的就业心理;
家庭经济背景较差的学生就业能力最强;来自广州、深圳的学生具有最高层次的就业认知、观念和能力等。
3.相比非毕业班学生,毕业班学生拥有对就业起更积极作用的就业认知,就业观念,就业压力,就业能力,就业准备及总体就业心理,可认为毕业班学生就业心理最佳。
4. 毕业班已落实和未落实工作单位学生在就业观念、就业能力、就业准备以及总体就业心理上具有显著性,且已落实单位学生在以上四方面均更积极。
5. 毕业班学生的性别、工作单位落实情况、预期月薪以及周围同学就业情况对其就业心理具有良好的预测作用

关键词:大学生,就业心理,就业,压力
Abstract

Since the reform and opening up, China's higher education has changed into popular education. However, with the reformation of education, employment and psychological problems of students continue to emerge. In addition, the adverse effects of the global financial crisis has not yet subsided, then employment and psychological problems of college students will increasingly prominent.
Stage in today's “popular education”, in order to promote college students to understand their real employment psychological factors generated corresponding to propose solutions to countermeasures, it is targeted for college students survey. On the one hand, we can understand the real employment psychology of college students in  different backgrounds for carrying out more effective career management and career guidance work; On the other hand,it is convenient to compare the different psychology of 09 grade employed and unemployed for helping college students a more thorough understanding of self and better employment. Through analyzing the questionnaire of university students’ psychology, reflect all grades students employment psychological. The results show that:
1.Preparation for employment is a psychological factors affecting the employment of university students, as well as employment cognition, the concept of pressure, ability, and so on.
2.The different backgrounds university students' psychology is not the same. compared with girls, boys have a good employment psychological; students in poor family, have the higher employability; students from Guangzhou, Shenzhen has the highest level of employment cognitive, ideas, and ability.
3.Compared with lower grades, graduates have more positive employment cognition, the concept of employment, the employment pressure, employability, preparation for employment and total employment psychological, which can be considered the final year student is the best in employment psychological.
4.Students, who have defined the workplace, are significant in concept of employment and employability, preparation for employment and psychologically.
5.Graduates’ gender , the implementation of the work unit,salary and classmates’ work unit has good predictive on university students' psychology.
 

 

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