文化与法律翻译

Legal English, as a type of special-purpose translation, has left a particularly long tail behind it. With the advancement of globalization, there has been a growing need for legal translations. However, legal translation today is hardly up to expectations in terms of quality. It is not uncommon to encounter careless omissions and even wrong translations inlegal translation, most of which arise from cultural factors.
    This thesis analyzes cultural factors in legal translation and tries to put forward feasible and effective translation strategies to address these cultural factors, so that it can essentially eliminate mistakes and careless omissions arising from cultural factors in legal translation. After probing into the historical and cultural background of legal English, and penetrating into the relations between language, culture and translation, the thesis presents the importance of cultural factors in legal translation. Based on Nida's classification of cultural factors in translation, the thesis further puts forward three cultural factors that are of the greatest significance to legal translation, i.e. religious culture, linguistic culture and social culture (legal culture in particular). The thesis offers several translation strategies to address these cultural factors and further analyzes the feasibility and practical applicability
of these strategies in combination with different cultural translation cases.
Key words: legal translation, legal English, cultural factors, translation strategies

摘要
  作为一种特殊的翻译类型，法律翻译由来己久。随着全球化进程的进一步推进，法律翻译的重要性日益突出。在日臻频繁的经济、政治、文化交流中，法律翻译的需求大大地提高了。但是目前法律翻译的质量却不是尽如人意。由诸多原因导致的漏译、误译屡见不鲜，特别是由文化因素导致的误译更是频频出现。
    本文分析研究了法律翻译中的文化因素，试图通过对文化因素的综合分析来提出行之有效的翻译策略，以减少翻译中由文化因素导致的误译和漏译现象。通过对法律英语历史文化背景的分析以及鉴于语言和文化，翻译和文化的关系，本文提出了法律翻译过程中文化因素的重要性。根据奈达对翻译中文化因素的分类，本文进一步提出了对法律翻译影响重大的三个文化因素:宗教文化，语言文化，社会文化(侧重法律文化)。针对这些文化因素，本文提出了几种行之有效的翻译策略，并且结合了各类文化翻译案例来分析各种翻译策略的适用性和实用性。
关键词:法律翻译，法律英语，文化因素，翻译策略

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