如今随着盲人在总人口中的比重不断增加，解决盲人的生活不便问题显得越发重要，而随着科技的进步和发展，电子导盲犬成为了比真正的导盲犬更加可行的方案。
电子导盲犬将提供导航服务并帮助盲人注意到潜在危险，探测障碍。本毕业设计主要针对电子导盲犬的探测和示警功能提供研究方法和解决方案。
本项目主要目的在于实现探测和辨别不同障碍物并提醒盲人的功能。本项目将通过对探测器的合理布置，正确的电路设计和软件编程来保证电子导盲犬的正确工作，并通过增加示警系统使整个项目得到相应的优化。
传感器包括超声波传感器，红外传感器，射线探测器，视觉传感器等等，各自具有不同的优缺点。在这些传感器中，考虑到性价比及可操作性，超声波传感器无疑是本项目的首选，尽管超声波传感器存在着一些不可避免的缺陷。
无声提醒，尤其是振动提醒是本项目的最优选择，因为对于盲人来说，触觉上的提醒比其他提醒来的更加有效和快捷。通常情况下，偏心马达是振动马达应用最广泛的一种。
发射电路、接收电路和滤波电路的设计和分析将现在软件中进行，同时配以必要的关于放大电路和滤波电路的计算。
电路设计和模拟完成后，在面包板上搭出实际电路，同时进行DSP的C语言编程。当各部分都完成后，电子部分将与机械部分合并形成完整的电子狗并测试各方面功能，通过反复测试查找排错，并对相应的部分或功能进行改进以优化整个项目。
评价、总结和长远项目计划中将对这个项目的完成情况和功能实现情况进行概括总结和相应的评价，知晓其优点和不足之处以待在未来的项目优化过程中能加以改进。
关键词：超声波传感器，无声提醒，振动马达，脉冲宽度调制
Abstract
It is important to help resolve the inconvenience in everyday life for blind people. Considering costs and efficiency, electronic seeing eye-dog is more feasible than real ones.
The electronic seeing eye-dog is supposed to be able to guide the blind in real life and help blind people notice danger by testing the environment and inspecting obstacles. The individual part of the project includes detection system and alerting system.
This project mainly aims at realizing functions of detecting different kinds of obstacles, briefly distinguishing from different objects and reminding blind people of specific situations. The objectives of this project are to use ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles with proper configuration on the dog, correctly design circuits and programs to make sure that the dog will work well and optimize the whole system by adding alerting system to improve the performance.
There are several detectors such as ultrasonic detectors, infrared detectors, radiation detectors and vision detectors, all of which have different characteristics and practical utilization. Among these, though with several inevitable disadvantages, ultrasonic detector is still the most proper sensor for the project by comparing the strength and weakness of these detectors, since it is simple, cost-effective and easy to be installed to the robot.
Silent alerting, especially vibration alerting is recommended in this project, since it is more helpful to blind people than some other methods of alerting. Off-centering motor is probably to be used as perception of vibration.
Simulation and design of emitter & receiver circuits and filter circuits are conducted using circuits designing software and designed by applying calculations related to analogue amplification.
After designing circuits, practical circuits are constructed on breadboard while the program for DSP is compiled using C language. Then electric and mechanical sections are to be combined together to function as an electronic dog and find out some errors by repeated testing. Then corresponding improvements may be made to optimize the performance of the entire project.
Conclusion, evaluation and improvements for further work are generalized so as to gain a thorough understanding about the project and clearly know the positive and negative aspects of the whole system.
KEYWORDS: Ultrasonic Detection, Silent Alerting, Vibration motor, Pulse Width Modulation.
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