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水下交通工具上浮、下潜以及深度控制系统设计


全文字数:10000字左右  原创时间:<=2022年

【内容摘要】

水下交通工具上浮、下潜以及深度控制系统设计


本文的重点是要开发一个水下交通工具的深度控制系统。 本论文的硬件架构包括一个调节水下工具的机械控制模块,一个微控制器和一个用来监视和反馈的压力传感器。 其中,机械控制模块是两个用于鱼缸换水的潜水泵。 此外,潜水泵必须和一个2路继电器连接在一个电路中,以便控制潜水泵的开关。为了达到这个目标,水下深度的信息需要经由无线模组,并经过微控制器的大量计算传送到人机界面。 水下模块的电源分配需要被分成三个部分,一部分为我的深度控制模块供电,其余两部分为我的两个合作伙伴供电:周心桥和唐骁行。我们将在一起完成水下监督模块的建造工作。其中,周心桥负责水下模块的视频传输,唐骁行负责水下模块的方向控制。 我的深度控制模块的所需电源包括:两个外部220V电源和两个9V电池,两个外部电源为两个潜水泵供电,其中一个9V电池为微控制器供电,另一个为继电器供电。
本文用到了I2C协议和SCI协议。I2C协议是用来设计和编程压力传感器,这项协议能够使压力传感器直接在内部将压力信号转换成深度信号,不需要通过单片机的计算,所以更加精确。而SCI协议主要用在了无线控制模块的双向传输上。
本水下模块还将加两个无线传输模组,从而可以远程控制设备。本模块的实施需要严格的防水措施和合理的走线。此外,本设计还能用LabVIEW软件做一个模拟的潜水过程,从而经过细节的调节使水下模组达到最好的状态。本文的基础理论和实践经验可以用来进行大型水下设备的研究。

关键词:水下模组,压力传感器,控制系统,深度控制。

 

 

 

 

 

 

Abstract
The key point of this project is to develop a depth control system for a mini underwater surveillance vehicle. The skeleton of this depth control system includes a mechanical control module to adjust the submersion and buoyancy of the underwater vehicle; a microcontroller and a pressure sensor device for operating and monitoring. The mechanical control module is mainly composed by two submersible pumps that can be used in fish tanks. In addition, the pumps need to be placed into a circuit with a 2-channel relay so as to control the pumps in working state or off-working state. In order to achieve the control process, the information of water depth will be sent to the human-computer interface through the wireless module after a large amount of calculation. The power distribution of the underwater vehicle need to be divided into three parts, one part for me, and other two parts for my two partners: Zhou Xingqiao and Tang Xiaoxing. We work together for the whole construction of the underwater surveillance vehicle. Zhou is responsible for the digital image transfer and visual display for the module, and Tang is responsible for drive and direction mechanisms. The power supply for the depth control system includes two 220V external powers for the two pumps and two 9V batteries, one for the microcontroller, and the other one for the 2-channel relay.
The protocols used in this project are I2C protocol and SCI protocol. I2C protocol was used in programming the pressure sensor and the LCD screen, and SCI protocol was used in designing the XBee Zigbee wireless modules. These two protocols were extremely important for the entire control system.
In this project, a wireless module can be made to control the underwater vehicle in long-distance. The feasibility of the microcontroller needs to be verified carefully before constructing the wireless module. The implementation of the project includes submersion, buoyancy and staying at a certain depth of the underwater vehicle. The implementation process requires strict waterproof devices and reasonable routing. In addition, the LabVIEW programming language can be used as the developmental platform. Therefore, the depth situation of the underwater vehicle can be simulated in this software, and the results will be compared to the implementation results, for adjusting details in order to set the underwater vehicle into the best performance state. The basic theory and practical experience of this project can be referenced to benefit the further research of large underwater vehicle.
Key words: Underwater vehicle, pressure sensor, control system, depth control.

 

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