论托妮·莫里森和莫言小说中的魔幻现实主义

本篇论文主要包括以下几个方面的内容。首先，本文要对本篇论文所研究的两位作者做一个简短的介绍，包括他们的生平、作品以及文学地位。其次，介绍魔幻现实主义的定义以及它的发展、影响与特点，从而对其有一个初步的认识与了解。最后，本论文最重要、最有价值的地方即比较魔幻现实主义在托尼.莫里森和莫言小说中的应用，对此，本人将从以下三个方面入手。首先，比较二者是怎么构造人物的。其次是关于他们的叙述特征。最后，则是写作技巧的比较。
通过以上的比较与介绍，最终得出一个关于二者的相似点和不同点的结论。相似点在于：在他们笔下的人物言行和心理都是不正常的和变态的；他们都使用多重视角叙述方法；最后他们在各自的小说中都善于应用夸张、荒诞和比喻的写作手法。不同点在于：托尼常常使用古典文学作品、外号和双关语以及复合法来构造人物，而莫言则更多的使用互渗律和描写人物周围的环境来构造人物；同时，莫里森采用多重叙事合一和碎片式的方法去叙述情节，而莫言则更多的使用联系、相似的方法去叙事；最后，托尼深受非洲传统文化的影响，而莫言则深受佛家文化的影响。

关键字：魔幻现实主义；比较；构造；叙述特征；技巧；
ABSTRACT

The thesis mainly contains the following several aspects. Firstly, there is a brief introduction to Toni Morrison and Mo Yan, which includes their life, works and status in the field of literature.
Secondly, the thesis introduce what the magic realism is and the magic realism’s features, development and influence, so that we can roughly understand it.
Lastly, the thesis narrates the contents which are about the comparison between Toni Morrison and Mo Yan is the most important and useful in the thesis.
The thesis focuses on the comparison including the following three aspects. Firstly, the thesis compares how to construct characters in their novels. Secondly, the comparison is about their narrative features. Lastly, the thesis focuses on the similarities and differences on their writing techniques. After comparison, the thesis gets a conclusion about their similarities and differences in their novels.
The similarities include the following several points: some characters’ words and actions and psychology are all strange and abnormal in their novels. In addition, Toni Morrison and Mo Yan apply the multiple narrative views and use the rhetoric of exaggeration and absurdity.
The differences include three aspects. Firstly, Toni Morrison uses the classic literature works, puns and nicknames and the style of combination to construct character. For Mo Yan, he applies the law of permeability and describes the environment around the characters to construct character. Secondly, Toni Morrison applies narrative plurality-in-unity and fragmentation in narration. For Mo Yan, he applies permeability to narrate the plots. Contact and touching makes the novel plots develop and change constantly. Lastly, the traditional African culture has a profound influence to Toni Morrison. For Mo Yan, he is profoundly influenced by the Buddhism culture and ideas.

Key words: magic realism  comparison  construct  narrative features techniques

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