审判中心主义视野下的刑事辩护制度

推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革，关键是形成控辩平等对抗、案件事实定格于审判的格局。因此充分的保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人及其辩护人的辩护权利是诉讼制度改革的题中应有之意。本文从审判中心主义下的刑事辩护制度出发，指出刑事辩护制度现状的局限性，并提出我国改革过程中应对刑事辩护制度做出的完善。文章指出，我国的刑事辩护实践与审判中心主义下完善的刑事辩护制度相比，犯罪嫌疑人自行辩护权利不受重视、委托辩护人的法定辩护权利不能很好地落实、法律援助制度无法实现有效辩护等不足之处。文章进一步论述了要促进刑事辩护制度逐步完善，要从规范自行辩护权、保障委托辩护人的辩护权利，促进控辩平等、建立公设辩护人制度，提高法律援助辩护质量等方面着手进行。
关键词：审判中心主义  自行辩护  委托辩护  法律援助辩护

Criminal Defense System in the View of Trial Centralism
Abstract:To promote the reform of the trial-centered litigation system, the key is to form a pattern in which equal adversary and the facts of the case are fixed on the trial. Therefore, fully guaranteeing the right of defense of suspects, defendants and their defenders is what should be meant in the reform of the litigation system. Starting from criminal defense system under the doctrine of trial center, this paper points out the limitations of criminal defense system's current situation and puts forward the improvement to criminal defense system in the process of China's reform. The article points out that compared with the perfect criminal defense system under the doctrine of trial center, the criminal suspect's right of self-defense is not attached great importance, the legal right of defense entrusted to the defender can't be well implemented, and the legal aid system can't realize effective defense. The article further discusses that in order to promote the gradual improvement of criminal defense system, we should start from standardizing the right of self-defense and protecting the right of defense of entrusted defenders, promoting the equality of prosecution and defense, establishing the public defender system and improving the quality of legal aid and defense.
 Key words: Trial Centralism, Self Defense, Advocacy by Mandate, Legal Aid Defense

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