苦瓜中总皂苷的提取优化研究瓜果实具有清热解毒，提高人体免疫性能的功效，内含苦瓜皂苷，四环三萜类化合物，具有明显的抗氧化和降血糖作用。本实验主要是对从苦瓜中提取总皂苷的方法进行研究。首先制作人参皂苷标准曲线，然后采用微波辅助法从苦瓜中提取皂苷，再通过比较吸光度确定微波提取法的优势。实验的研究目的是使苦瓜中的总皂苷能够提取出更多。为了达到这一目的，首先进行了单因素试验，根据结果，选取了正交试验的因素范围。在乙醇体积分数为70%、微波处理时间为10min、水浴温度为60℃、料液比为1: 20时，苦瓜中总皂苷的提取率为2.5%。
关键词：苦瓜，总皂苷，微波辅助提取法，单因素试验，正交试验
Total saponins extraction in Momordica charantia optimization research
Abstract: In this study, the method of extracting total saponins from Momordica charantia was studied. First, the standard curve of total saponins was prepared. Then, total saponins was extracted from Momordica charantia by traditional extraction method and microwave assisted method. Then, the advantages of microwave extraction method were determined by comparing the absorbance. The purpose of the study was to make the total saponins from Momordica charantia extract more. In order to achieve this goal, a single factor test was performed first, and orthogonal test was performed on the results of the single factor test. When the ethanol concentration was 70%, the microwave extraction time was 10min, the bath temperature was 60℃, the ratio of material to liquid was 1:20, and the total saponins was extracted from Momordica charantia.
Key words: Momordica charantia, total saponins, microwave-assisted extraction, single factor test, orthogonal test
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