从《伪君子》看莫里哀的理性意识

十七世纪古典主义理性在延续了文艺复兴人文美的同时，它的局限性也显现出来——形式机械狭隘，规则固限刻板，情感空而不实。这一时期的戏剧家莫里哀以超前理性之姿向古典理性发起了挑战，并以卓越的戏剧形式革新和作品表达完成了对古典喜剧的升华。在他的喜剧阐释中，其独特的时代理性、讽刺理性、自然理性贯穿他的艺术世界。他的著作《伪君子》无论从形式内容，还是艺术手法上都集中彰显了他与众不同的理性意识，故事反映时代现状，具有深刻的现实性和批判色彩，人物生动鲜活再现社会，感情充实满含民主性，全面体现了莫里哀对社会现实的洞察力和个性的理性表达，理性成为他喜剧的精神廊柱，发挥着巨大的艺术价值和思想价值功用，影响着后世作家的再创作。

关键词：莫里哀；理性；喜剧创新；《伪君子》
 
On Moliere ’s Rational Consciousness from The Hypocrite

Abstract: In the seventeenth century, the classicism rationalism continued the humanistic beauty of the Renaissance. At the same time, its limitations also appeared. The formal machinery was narrow, the rules were rigid, and the emotions were empty and unrealistic. Moliere, the dramatist of this period, has challenged classical rationality with the posture of advanced rationality ,and has completed the sublimation of classical comedy in the form of remarkable dramatic innovations and works. In his interpretation of the comedy, his unique era rationality, satire rationality, and natural rationality run through his artistic world. His book "Hypocrite" focuses on his unique sense of consciousness in terms of both form and art. The story reflects the current situation of the times. It has profound realism and critical colors. The characters vividly reproduce the society and the feelings are full of democracy. It fully reflects the reality of Molière's insight into social reality and the rational expression of his personality. Reason has become the spiritual pillar of his comedy, exerting great artistic value and ideological value function, affecting the recreation of later generations.

Keywords: Moliere; reason; comedy innovation; hypocrite

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