周民族史诗与《出埃及记》中的英雄形象比较

周民族史诗是选自《诗经•大雅》中的五篇叙事诗，讲述了周邦五代先王艰苦创业建立周王朝的史实；《出埃及记》是《圣经•旧约•摩西五书》中的第二部，讲述了摩西带领以色列人离开埃及前往迦南建立犹太王国的历程。本文在立足于比较文学平行研究的基础上，在论证二者的可比性之后，采用“跨文明比较文学”比较方法中的“求同存异”法，并借鉴费孝通阐述的“美人之美”法对周民族史诗中“后稷”、“公刘”、“公禀父”、“姬昌”、“姬发”这一类英雄形象同《出埃及记》中的“摩西”等英雄形象以及“上帝”的形象进行平行比较，从作品的主题、功能、目的以及衍生民族的生产方式、审美、信仰与精神等多方面分析其共性与差异，并深入探讨其在宗教谅解、文化认同等方面的现实意义。

关键词：周民族史诗；出埃及记；英雄形象；比较
 
Comparison of Heroic Images between
The National Epic of Zhou Dynasty and Exodus

Abstract：The National Epic of the Zhou Dynasty is composed of five narrative poems selected from Da Ya of the Book of Songs, which tells how the first five kings of the Zhou nation established the Zhou Dynasty with arduous efforts. Exodus is the second volume of Pentateuch of the Old Testament, which represents the course of how Israelis established their Jewish kingdom in Canaan after the departure from Egypt under Moses’ leadership. This thesis applies the method of “seeking common ground while shelving differences” commonly used in cross-cultural comparative literature based on the relative parallel study of comparative literature, and also uses other references like “learning the beauty of beauties” put forward by Fei Xiaotong, after demonstrating the comparability of the two classics. Specifically, the thesis will conduct a parallel study based on the comparison between the heroic figures of The National Epic of the Zhou Dynasty like Hou Ji, Gong Liu, Gong Bingfu, Ji Chang, Ji Fa and the heroic figures like Moses and the image of God of Exodus, and will discuss the similarities and differences of the subjects, functions and aims of two epics as well as those in the production modes, aesthetics, beliefs, spirituality and other aspects of relative nationalities. Based on the study, the thesis will explore further into practical significance including religion forgiveness, culture recognition and other aspects.

Keywords: National Epic of Zhou Dynasty；Exodus；Heroic image；Comparative

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