我国服务贸易竞争力研究

随着经济全球化、信息化的发展，服务贸易日益成为国际贸易关注的重点。我国服务贸易长期逆差，增长速度慢，发展滞后。上海自贸区建立不久，它肩负中国经济改革的多重任务，其中就包括扩大服务业开放、转变贸易发展方式。在此背景下，如何提升我国服务贸易竞争力成为一大课题。本文选取国际出口市场占有率、比较竞争优势指数、显示性比较优势指数、显示性竞争比较优势指数和净出口显示性比较优势指数五个指标，结合2000-2013年十几年间的数据对我国服务贸易整体和行业竞争力进行测量，并与8个国家或地区的服务贸易竞争力做国际比较分析，得出结论：自贸区的建立对传统服务贸易影响较大，但要从整体上提升服务贸易竞争力仍需国内服务业的带动以及服务贸易结构的优化，这就要大力发展新兴服务贸易，特别是依靠战略服务贸易来培养核心竞争力。

关键词：服务贸易，竞争力，上海自贸区
Abstract
With the development of economic globalization and informatization, trade in services is increasingly becoming the focus among international countries. The deficit of the trade in services exists in a long time in China and the trade in service grows slowly. After China (Shanghai) Free Trade Area was built, the multiple tasks of economic reform has put into practice in China, including opening more and more services industries and changing the mode of trade. At this time, how to prompt the competitiveness of Chinese trade in services has become a big issue. The research is focus on the total competitiveness of trade in services or on a certain industry, based on the data of 2000-2013, and the competitiveness of Chinese trade in services are measured by using five indexes, including the share of international export market, Total Competitive Index, Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, Revealed Comparative Advantage Index of Competition and Revealed Comparative Advantage Index of Net export. Besides, the competitiveness of Chinese trade in services also would be compared with other eight countries. At last, we summarized the existing research results and find that it has impact on traditional trade in service largely after China (Shanghai) Free Trade Area was built, and the competitiveness of trade in services must be strengthened by the development of domestic services in a whole and the improvement of structure of trade in services. Also, it is time to develop the trade in new services, especially when we need to cultivate the core competitiveness by developing the strategic trade in services.

Key words: trade in services; competitiveness; China (Shanghai) Free Trade Area

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