形式与主题——论兰斯顿·休斯的布鲁斯诗歌布鲁斯是黑人传统的音乐形式，并在美国文学中史源远流长，很多作家都受到其影响，美国最重要的黑人作家之一的兰斯顿·休斯也传承并发展了这一传统。休斯所领导的“哈莱姆文艺复兴”是二十世纪二十年代的一次大规模的黑人思想启蒙运动。他一生创作颇丰，不懈努力而取得了令人难忘的成就。他是诗歌深受布鲁斯的歌词形式影响。布鲁斯歌词常见的形式有三种，也就是AAB、ABB、AAA,休斯的许多诗歌就是用这两种诗歌中的一种写成的。布鲁斯所涉及的主题也十分广泛，最常见的有爱情、死亡和贫困，休斯的很多诗歌都涉及到了这些主题。
休斯的诗歌闪烁着黑人民族智慧的光辉，带着浓重的种族印记。在休斯十多部诗集中，许多诗歌都受到了黑人文化的影响，特别是布鲁斯音乐的影响。休斯是大胆将布鲁斯音乐引入诗歌的先驱，他用黑人独特的音乐形式凸显了黑人文化的重要作用。通过他的诗歌，休斯把黑人传统音乐与文学相联系，为黑人民族确立了一种身份认同。
关键词：兰斯顿·休斯，布鲁斯，形式，主题
Forms and Themes
---A Study of Langston Hughes’ Blues Poems
Abstract
Blues is traditional music form of black people. It has always been a persisting characteristic in African American Literature, and influence many American writers. Langston Hughes is one of the most important African-American poet, and as well as the keeper and innovator of the Blues tradition. During his whole life, numerous works are published, and great achievement is acquired through his efforts. Many of Blues poems are written in the three common Blues lyric forms, namely AAB form, ABB form and AAA form. Some of common themes of Blues are: love, death, economic predicament. Hughes’ Blues poems also deal with these themes most frequently.
As a pioneer, who took Blues into poetry writing, Hughes demonstrated the importance of black culture. The intelligence of the blacks and the sign of black culture can be found in Hughes’ works, particularly in his poems. Many poems of his are greatly influenced by black music, especially Blues. Langston Hughes’ Blues poems are deeply influenced by Blues lyric forms and Blues themes. By using Blues in his Blues poems, Hughes turns Blues in his heart into Blues on the paper and establishes an identity for African American.
Key Words: Langston Hughes, Blues, form, theme
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