基于不协调理论的中美外交言语幽默的分析

随着中国经济的迅速发展和综合国力的不断增强，在全球化的今天中国发挥着越来越重要的作用。科学地扮演好在国际事务中的角色，处理好与各国间的关系，已变得日益重要。本文通过分析中美外交中大量鲜活实例，研究和探讨如何基于幽默的不协调理论更好地理解外交幽默的产生，充分利用跨文化交际中的言语幽默的效果，更好地发挥外交作用。
古往今来，幽默理论有数百种，然而最具影响力和生命力的理论莫过于幽默的不协调理论。幽默不协调理论指个体由于感受到自我认知和现实之间的差异而导致认知的突然重构，从而感到可笑或产生愉悦感。
本文试图从幽默机制产生这一角度，首先在第一章阐述了本文的研究背景与现实意义，第二章是本文的理论框架,系统论述了幽默致笑机制的描述性原则-惊奇原则，以及说明性原则-高可解释度和可欣赏性不协调原则。第三章归纳了六种幽默类型，并通过中美两国高层外事交往活动的具体事例，分析外交幽默的产生。第四章探讨总结导致中美幽默差异的深层次原因，论证幽默的产生。第五章是全文的总结。在整个研究基础上，文章从文化语境的角度重新总结完善了幽默的不协调理论，并指出幽默在外交活动中具有重要的意义。
关键词：不协调理论，外交语言，言语幽默，跨文化
 Analysis of Verbal Humor in Foreign Affairs between China and America from the Perspective of Incongruity Theory
Abstract
As Chinese witnessed explosive development in past years, it cannot be denied that China has done well in international affairs. Diplomacy between China and America, two of the most heavyweight countries in the world, are getting more and more frequent. Under such circumstance, the wise understanding of verbal humor concerning foreign diplomatic communications could have great impact on enhancing mutual comprehension and avoiding the embarrassing situation.
This study tries to find out a new interpretation to verbal humor based on the Incongruity Theory, an eliciting mechanism which refers to the mismatch between what we expect and what we experience.
This thesis first introduces the background and significance of the paper. Secondly, in chapter two it provides detailed information on theoretical foundation, Incongruity Theory, including Surprise Principle and Incongruities of Highly Interpretability and Engjoyment. Thirdly, the writer concludes six prototypes of political verbal humor and makes distinguishing analysis of humor producing mechanism by using some oral political cases of China and America. Fouthly, this paper also helps us to discover the cultural reasons causing indigestibility of the verbal humor for the purpose of improving our cross-cultural communicative ability. At last, the writer makes a general conclusion of the whole paper and points out significant contributions and improvements still to be made.
Key words: Incongruity Theory, diplomatic language, verbal humor, cross-culture

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