《最蓝的眼睛》中佩科拉的悲惨命运之解析莫里森是美国历史上第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女作家，她的作品始终表现出对黑人的历史和命运的探索，以及对黑人生存状况的关注。托尼•莫里森描绘种族歧视下美国黑人身体和心灵所遭受的双重伤害。其笔下丰富多彩的黑人生活与人物生动揭示了现代社会美国黑人的艰难处境，引起人们对已成历史的奴隶制的思考和反省。她的处女作《最蓝的眼睛》就是这样一篇经典之作。
本文由导论、正文和结论三部分组成。主要内容如下：
导论部分主要介绍了莫里森及其作品的概况，莫里森国内外研究现状述评。
正文由三部分组成：
第一部分主要讲述了个人因素，从种族和性别两方面分析黑人女性所处地位的低下，并结合小说指出黑人女性在寻求自我的道路上陷入迷失和自卑的困境
第二部分主要讲述了家庭因素，通过对父母两人的性格特点及人生经历的描写，读者可以了解到造成佩科拉悲惨命运的原因。父母双方早已扭曲的人格和心灵，只能给佩科拉带来畸形的爱，让她在畸形中成长。
第三部分从社会的角度出发，论述了在白人文化霸权的背景下，黑人集体身份的缺失与重建。虽然黑人在白人铺成的道路上越走越迷茫，但是这其中仍然有反抗白人世界审美标准的黑人代表，依然存在黑人自我意识觉醒的表达。
结论主要对前面对论述进行总结，并点出本文的主旨：美国黑人若想摆脱白人文化的霸权统治，获得真正的平等和自由，就要勇敢捍卫自己的文化传统，找回自己的民族文化之根，最终构建合理、健康、独立的文化身份。
关键词：佩科拉；黑人女性；最蓝的眼睛；黑人文化身份；文化霸权
Abstract
Morrison is the first black female writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature in the history of the United States. Her works have always shown the exploration of the history and destiny of the black people and the attention to the living conditions of black people. Tony Morrison depicts the double harm suffered by black Americans’ body and soul under racial discrimination. The colorful life and characters of black people vividly reveal the difficult situation of the African Americans in modern society, and arouse people’s thinking and reflection on the history of slavery. Her debut book, The Bluest Eye, is such a classic.
This thesis consists of an introduction, the main body and a conclusion. Its main contents are as follows:
The introduction mainly introduces Morrison and her works, as well as a review of the research status at home and abroad.
The main body is made up of three parts:
Part One mainly describes the personal factors, analyzes the low status of black women from the perspective of race and gender, and combines the novel to point out that black women have fallen into the dilemma of self-esteem and inferiority in the process of seeking self.
Part Two mainly describes the family factors. By describing the characteristics of the parents and their life experiences, readers can understand the causes of Pecola’s miserable fate. The distorted personality and heart of both parents can only bring Pecola’s deformed love and let her grow up in deformity.
Part Three discusses the loss and reconstruction of black collective identity under the background of white cultural hegemony from the perspective of society. Although black people are more and more confused on the road paved by white people, there are still black representatives who resist the aesthetic standards of white people, and there still exist expressions of black people’s self-awareness.
The conclusion makes a summary to the preceding critique, and points out the main purpose of this thesis: Afro-Americans should defend their cultural tradition and find their ethnic culture roots, only in this way, can they liberate themselves from the hegemonic governance of white culture and get authentic equality and freedom, and finally construct a reasonable, healthy and independent cultural identity.
Key Words: Pecola; black women; the bluest eye; black cultural identity; cultural hegemony
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