小型钢件同步除油除锈用试剂研究 随着企业环保意识的逐步提高。现在，开发一种综合性、操作简单、低能耗、低成本、环保的除油剂和除锈剂是该领域的发展趋势，具有很大的现实意义。该论文是通过机理、环保、循环和成本四个方面依次进行实验探究，从中筛选出了一种较环保、循环力度大、成本较低的工艺配方。该配方由0.9%草酸、0.9%柠檬酸、0.38%盐酸、0.6%洗洁精、0.79%十二烷基苯磺酸钠、0.56%六次甲基四胺、1.65%异丙醇、0.23%丙酮、0.23%无水乙醇和93.8%水组成。由于超声波不仅本身有强有力的清洗作用,还能进一步地促进化学清洗的进行,声化协同作用可明显提高除油效率，所以该工艺是在超声波的辅助下进行，同时超声波所设温度为15℃、时间为10 min，所以在提高清洗效率的同时也能节约能源。又因加入盐酸含量的减少，草酸含量的增加，使得在生产过程中几乎不会有酸雾的产生，对人的危害和环境的污染也大大的减少。因此该工艺配方符合本课题的要求。 关键词：小型钢件；同步；除油除锈；试剂组成 Abstract With the gradual improvement of enterprise environmental awareness. Now, the development of a comprehensive, simple operation, low energy consumption, low cost, environmental protection of oil removers and rust removers is the development trend of the field, has a great practical significance. This paper is through the mechanism, environmental protection, cycle and cost of four aspects of experimental exploration, from which a more environmental protection, cycle strength, low cost of the process formula. The formula was composed of 0.9% oxalic acid, 0.9% citric acid, 0.38% hydrochloric acid, 0.6% detergent, 0.79% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.56% hexamethylenetramine, 1.65% isopropanol, 0.23% acetone, 0.23% anhydrous ethanol and 93.8% water. Due to the ultrasonic is not only itself has a strong cleaning effect, can further promote the chemical cleaning of sound change synergy can obviously improve the efficiency of oil removal, so the process is under the ultrasonic assisted, and ultrasonic set temperature of 15℃, time for 10 min, so at the same time of improving the efficiency of cleaning can also save energy. Moreover, due to the reduction of the content of hydrochloric acid and the increase of the content of oxalic acid, there will be almost no acid fog in the production process, and the harm to people and environmental pollution will be greatly reduced. Therefore, the process formula meets the requirements of this topic. Key words: small steel parts; synchronization; remove oil and rust; reagent composition 目 录 第1章 研究背景及意义 1 1.1 除油技术 1 1.1.1 乳化除油 2 1.1.2 溶剂除油 2 1.1.3 碱液除油 2 1.2 酸洗除锈技术 2 1.2.1 柠檬酸除锈 3 1.2.2 草酸除锈 3 1.2.3 磷酸除锈 3 1.2.4 盐酸除锈 4 第2章 实验材料与方法 5 2.1 实验用材料 5 2.2 设备及仪器 5 2.3 实验方法 5 2.3.1 机理方法 5 2.3.2 环保方法 6 2.3.3 循环方法 6 第3章 结果分析与讨论 8 3.1 机理分析 8 3.2 环保分析 12 3.3 循环分析 12 3.4 成本分析 13 第4章 结论与展望 15 4.1 论文结论 15 4.2 展望 15 参考文献 17
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