道路铺装对银杏树生长的影响 银杏树树根以丛生为主，叶色随季节变化，是一种优良的行道树种。城市化进程的不断加快，道路铺装应用更加广泛。铺装在改变城市面貌、提高城市化水平的同时，也给种植在道路中的园林树木带来了不容忽视的影响。 本课题以吕梁大道无铺装下的银杏树生长状况作为对照，对吕梁大道沥青铺装、透水砖铺装、水泥铺装及花岗岩铺装四种因素下银杏树生长状况进行实验研究。实验采用的方法为单因素方差分析法，实验指标为叶片含水量、叶片持水率、可溶性糖含量和脯氨酸含量，通过绘制表格、柱状图和标准曲线处理实验数据，应用SPSS软件进行数据统计和方差分析，判断四种因素对实验指标的影响是否显著，探究不同道路铺装对银杏树生长的影响。 实验结果表明：无铺装下银杏叶片含水量均值大于有铺装下银杏叶片含水量均值，四种铺装中透水砖铺装下银杏叶片含水量最高，水泥铺装下银杏叶片含水量最低；无铺装下银杏叶片持水率居中，四种铺装中沥青铺装下银杏叶片持水率最高，水泥铺装下银杏叶片持水率最低；无铺装下银杏叶片可溶性糖含量居中，四种铺装中透水砖铺装下可溶性糖含量最高，沥青铺装下可溶性糖含量最低；无铺装下银杏叶片脯氨酸含量最高，四种铺装中花岗岩铺装下银杏叶片脯氨酸含量最高，沥青铺装下银杏叶片脯氨酸含量最低。综合来看，透水铺装下银杏树叶片含水量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量均较高，从而使银杏树叶大色浓、长势良好；而沥青铺装下叶片含水量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量均最低，从而使银杏树叶片更为稀疏、叶色黄化或者褪绿、枯枝增加，生长势衰退。 关键词：道路铺装；银杏；铺装材料；吕梁大道 Abstract Ginkgo tree roots are mainly clustered, leaf color changes with the season, is an excellent road tree species .With the accelerating of urbanization, road paving is applied more widely. While pavement changes the urban appearance and improves the level of urbanization, it also brings a significant influence to the garden trees planted in the road. In this study, the growth status of ginkgo trees without pavement in Lvliang Avenue was taken as a control, and the growth status of ginkgo trees under four factors of asphalt pavement, permeable brick pavement, cement pavement and granite pavement in Lvliang Avenue was experimented. Experimental methods for the analysis of variance, the index of leaf water content, leaf moisture rate, soluble sugar content and proline content, forms, histogram and standard curve drawing through processing experimental data, SPSS software was used to conduct data statistics and variance analysis to determine whether the four factors had significant effects on the experimental indicators, and to explore the influence of different road paving on the growth of ginkgo trees The experimental results showed that the average water content of Ginkgo biloba leaves without pavement was greater than that with pavement. Among the four kinds of paving, the water content of Ginkgo biloba leaves with permeable brick pavement was the highest, and the water content of Ginkgo biloba leaves with cement pavement was the lowest. The water holdup rate of Ginkgo biloba leaves without pavement was in the middle. Among the four kinds of pavement, the water holdup rate of Ginkgo biloba leaves installed with asphalt pavement was the highest, and the water holdup rate of Ginkgo biloba leaves installed with cement pavement was the lowest. The soluble sugar content of permeable brick pavement is the highest while that of asphalt pavement is the lowest.The highest proline content was found in Ginkgo biloba leaves without pavement, the highest proline content was found in granite pavement and the lowest in asphalt pavement among the four pavements. Key Words：road pavement; Ginkgo; Paving materials; Lvliang avenue. 目 录 1绪 论 1 1.1 研究背景及意义 1 1.2 国内外研究背景及发展状况 2 1.2.1 国内外研究背景 2 1.2.2 国内外发展状况 2 1.3 研究目标和内容 2 1.3.1 研究目标 2 1.3.2 研究内容 3 2 实验内容与方法 3 2.1 实验测定指标 3 2.1.1 叶片含水量 3 2.1.2 叶片持水率 3 2.1.3 叶片可溶性糖含量 3 2.1.4 叶片脯氨酸含量 4 2.2 实验试剂及仪器 5 2.3 实验方法与数据处理 6 3 实验结果与分析 6 3.1 五种铺装对银杏叶片含水量的影响 6 3.2 五种铺装对银杏叶片持水率的影响 7 3.3 五种铺装对银杏叶片可溶性糖含量的影响 8 3.4 五种铺装对银杏叶片脯氨酸含量的影响 10 4 结论与讨论 10 5 展望 11 参考文献 13
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