改革开放以来，我国国民经济持续快速发展，城乡居民的收入水平与生活水平大幅度提升。然而，现实生活中也存在着一些值得重视的问题。如贫富差距偏大、流动人口权益得不到有效维护等。这些问题均与社会保障体制不健全直接相关。随着我国市场经济体制的推进，改革和完善我国的社会保障制度，已成为我国深化经济体制改革的重要步骤以及维护社会稳定的必然选择。本文首先介绍了社会保障制度的内涵及其作用和功能；接着回顾了我国的社会保障体制的发展历程，着重分析养老保险、医疗保险以及失业保险，这三大保险制度的现状及存在的突出问题，提出完善我国社会保障制度的必要性；然后，分析西方国家的社会保障制度的沿革历程，从中吸取一些经验教训和获得一些有益的启示；最后，针对我国社会保险制度的实际情况，对改革我国的社会保险制度的相关问题进行探讨分析。
关键词: 养老保险；医疗保险；失业保险
Shallowly Discusses the Social Security Organizational Reform
——China Social Insurance System Reform
Abstract
Since the reform and open policy, our country national economy has continued to develop fast, city and countryside inhabitant's income level and living standard large scale promotion.However, in the real life also has the problem which some are worth taking.If the gap between rich and poor is big, the transient population rights and interests cannot obtain the effective maintenance and so on.These questions with social security system not perfect direct correlation.Along with our country market economy system advancement, reforms and consummates our country's social security systems, has become our country to deepen economic restructuring the important step as well as the maintenance social stability inevitably choice.This article first briefed the social security systems connotation and the function and the function; Then reviewed our country's social security system development course, analyzes the old-age insurance, the medical insurance as well as the unemployment insurance emphatically, these three big issurance system present situation and the existence prominent question, proposed consummates our country social security systems the necessity; Then, analyzes the Western country the popular entertainments to mark the various seasonal festivals safeguard system evolution course, draws some experience lesson and obtains some beneficial enlightenment; Finally, in view of our country social insurance system actual situation, to reforms our country's social insurance system related question to carry on the discussion analysis.
Keywords: Old-age insurance; Medical insurance; Unemployment insurance
目 录
一 前言....................................................................1
二 社会保障体制的发展、涵义、内容及其功能..................................2
（一）社会保障体制的产生和发展.............................................2
（二）社会保障制度的涵义、内容及其功能.....................................2
1、社会保障制度的涵义.....................................................2
2、社会保障制度的内容.....................................................2
3、社会保障制度的功能.....................................................2
三 我国社会保障体制的历史演进和现状分析....................................4
（一）我国社会保障制度的变革历史...........................................4
（二）我国社会保障制度的现状...............................................4
（三）我国社会保障制度发展存在的问题.......................................4
四 养老保险制度改革........................................................6
（一）养老保险制度的现状...................................................6
（二）养老保险制度存在的问题...............................................6
（三）如何完善我国养老保险制度.............................................7
1、扩大社会养老保险覆盖面，统一基本养老保险体系...........................7
2、全面清理，强化养老保险基金征缴.........................................7
3、加快社会保险的立法，适时开征社会保险税.................................7
五 医疗保险制度改革........................................................9
（一）医疗保险制度的产生和发展.............................................9
（二）医疗保险制度存在的问题...............................................9
（三） 医疗保险制度改革的实施措施..........................................10
六 失业保险制度改革........................................................11
（一）我国失业保险制度的发展历程...........................................11
（二）我国失业保险制度存在的问题...........................................11
（三）完善我国失业保险制度的对策...........................................12
1、立法管理，完善失业保险基金制度.........................................12
2、加强失业保险管理.......................................................12
3、扩大失业保险的实施范围和覆盖面，确定失业人员的待遇水平.................12
七 社会保障体制改革的必要性................................................13
八 西方保障制度建设中值得借鉴的基本经验....................................14
（一）依靠立法手段，逐步将社会保障覆盖至全社会成员.........................14
（二）以保障税的形式征集社会保障基金，纳入预算、专款专用...................14
（三）保障基金的征集与社会生产力水平相适应.................................14
九 我国社会保障制度改革的原则及实施措施....................................15
（一）完善社会保障制度应该坚持的原则.......................................15
（二）完善社会保障制度的具体措施...........................................15
结语.......................................................................17
参考文献...................................................................18
致谢.......................................................................19
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