摘要：习语是语言发展的结晶，是构成语言不可分割的一部分。经过人们的长期引用，习语往往渗透着浓郁的民族文化气息，反映本民族的文化特征。它像一面镜子，从中可以透视一个民族的生活习俗、宗教信仰，心理状态和历史发展。如果能对英汉习语的文化差异进行比较研究，将有助于加深对英汉习语的理解，从而更好地进行跨文化交际。本文试图从以下两个方面入手，进行比较分析： 1．英汉习语的来源； 2．英汉习语的基本特征、风格及其民族性 通过这些分析，说明英汉习语取材广泛、寓意深刻、形象生动，是各自不同文化传统的体现。
关键词：习语，文化，特征，风格
Culture Diversities in Idiom
Wu Chen
Abstract: Idioms are the cream of a language. Through the use of idioms, we can see the cultural discrepancies in social customs, religious beliefs, the state of mind and historical development. This thesis pays attention on the culture diversities in idiom, the main point is in the following two aspects: the sources of idioms and the features of idioms .During the course of study, one should not ignore the idioms, their strong national and cultural characteristics should be taken into consideration for the purpose of better cross-cultural communication.
Key Words: Idioms, culture, source, characteristic, stylistic
Contents
Acknowledgements i
Abstract (Chinese) ii
Abstract (English) iii
I Introduction 1
II Literature Review 2
III The Sources of English and Chinese Idioms 3
3.1 Idioms from daily life 3
3.1.1 Idioms from entertainment and sports activities 3
3.1.2 Idioms from cooking and food 4
3.1.3 Idioms from military affairs 4
3.1.4 Idioms from sailors and fishermen 4
3.2 Idioms from different living surrounding 5
3.3 Idioms from religions 6
3.4 Idioms from historical events 7
3.5 Idioms from fables and mythologies 8
3.6 Idioms from literary works 9
IV The Features of Idioms 10
4.1 Structural stability 10
4.2 Semantic unity and lack of motivation 11
4.3 National characteristics 12
4.3.1 Different historical backgrounds 12
4.3.2 Different geographical conditions and cultural heritages 13
4.3.3 Different religious beliefs 14
4.3.4 Different life experiences 15
4.3.5 Different states of mind 15
4.4 Stylistic characteristics 16
4.4.1 Forcible and vivid style 16
4.4.2 Figurative style 17
4.4.3 Euphonious style 18
V Conclusion 20
Bibliography ………………………………………………………………………………… …… 22
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