黑龙江省装备制造业技术创新问题与对策研究
摘要
装备制造业是关系国家经济和国防安全，对国民经济的健康发展和技术进步起着重要作用的支柱产业。而作为我国装备制造业老工业基地之一的黑龙江省，在过去的三十多年中，通过引进国外先进技术并加以消化吸收，极大地加快了其装备制造业体系的形成和领先技术的掌握。
目前，黑龙江省己形成了电站设备、飞机制造、汽车、轴承、工量具、仪器仪表等门类比较齐全，具有相当规模的装备制造业体系，同时也掌握了超临界、超超临界火电机组的核心制造及大型水轮机设计等多项国际领先技术。尽管黑龙江省装备制造业发展迅速，具有较强的加工生产能力，但也面临着诸多新的问题和挑战，突出表现为缺乏自主创新能力，产品技术含量不高，产业国际竞争力薄弱，产品附加值低。究其原因，既不是引进消化吸收的思路不正确，也不是引进的技术不够先进，而是在引进后的消化吸收及再创新能力不足，即技术创新能力薄弱是主因。因此，为实现使黑龙江省装备制造业逐步做大做强的目的，提高其技术创新是关键。本文主要围绕黑龙江省装备制造业技术创新的问题，界定了装备制造业技术创新的概念，并从内外部总结和分析了装备制造业技术创新的影响因素。其次，在分析黑龙江省装备制造业技术能力总体现状的基础上，对黑龙江省装备制造业技术能力的现状进行了调查和分析，并总结出黑龙江省装备制造业发展技术能力创新的经验与不足。为了提升黑龙江省装备制造业技术创新能力，分别从政策环境、技术创新体系建设和企业层面的技术创新激励、产业信息化建设等方面提出一些措施。
关键词 装备制造业；技术创新；对策
Equipment Manufacturing Industry in Heilongjiang Province Technology Innovation and Strategy
Abstract
The equipment manufacturing industry is related to the country's economic and national security, and is the pillar industry, which plays an important role of national economy's healthy development and technological progress. In the past 30 years, Heilongjiang Province is as one of the old industrial base of Chinese equipment manufacturing industry, through the introduction of foreign advanced technology and to digestion and absorption, greatly speeding up the formation of its equipment manufacturing industry system and the mastery of leading technology. At present, Heilongjiang Province has become equipment manufacturing industry system that has a wide range and considerable scale, including power station equipment, aircraft manufacturing, automotive, bearing, tools, instruments etc. Meanwhile, it also masters number of international leading technology, such as the core manufacture of the supercritical, Ultra-supercritical thermal power, the design of large turbine and so on. Although the equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province has developed rapidly, and own great processing capacity, but also facing many new problems and challenges, outstanding performance is lack of capability of independent innovation, low technological content of products, weak international competitiveness of industries, low added value of products. The reason is neither because the way of introduction, digestion and absorption is not correct, nor because the introduced technology is not advanced, but because the digestion, absorption and innovation capability is lack after technology introduction, namely the main reason is the weakness of TIDAR Ability. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose for the equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province to gradually enlarge and strengthen, the key is to enhance its TIDAR Ability. On the issue of enhancing TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province, some methods is used to research, such as conclusion and deduction, investigation, quantitative analysis and so on. First of all, the concept of the TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry is defined, the influence factors of TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry is analyzed from the internal and external. Secondly, on the basis of the analysis to the technology introduction's overall status for the equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province, the status of TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province is investigated and analyzed. Then the experience and shortage for the equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province to develop TIDAR Ability is summed up. And then according to the influence factors of TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry, the evaluation system of TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry is constructed, and then demonstration analysis is carried out to seven kinds of equipment manufacturing industries by using AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Finally, in order to enhance TIDAR Ability of equipment manufacturing industry in Heilongjiang Province, some measures are put forward from several aspects, such as policy environment, construction of TIDAR system and TIDAR promoting based on enterprises, and industry information building.
Keywords Equipment manufacturing industry; Technology innovation; Countermeasure
*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】
