中西方饮食文化差异

摘要：饮食是人类生存与发展的第一需要，也是社会生活的基本形式之一。然而不同的文化背景，却有不同的饮食观念和饮食习俗，最终形成不同的饮食文化。中国饮食文化历史悠久，博大精深，影响深远，风靡世界。它经历了几千年的历史发展，已成为中华民族的优秀文化遗产、世界饮食文化宝库中的一颗璀璨的明珠。西方的一些国家曾为一些国家的殖民地，并且汇集着各国的移民，因此这些国家深受各国饮食文化的影响，博采众长，并结合自已的饮食习惯，形成精巧专维、自成体系的饮食文明。本文主要从烹饪、餐具、菜名、用餐礼仪等方面阐述中西饮食文化存在的差异，从感性与理性、个人主义与集体主义、规范性与随意性等方面阐述产生差异的文化因素，从中西方饮食现状阐述两者之间的交集与影响。
   
关键词：不同，中国饮食文化，西方意识文化

Differences between Chinese and Western Food Cultures
Abstract: Diet is the first need of human survival and development, and it is also one of the basic forms of social life. However, different cultural backgrounds bring about different diet ideas and diet practices, and then the formation of different food culture. With a long history and profound, far-reaching influence, Chinese food culture has swept the world. Undergoing thousands of years of development, it has become a bright pearl of the Chinese cultural heritage, as well as the treasure trove of food culture in the world. On the other hand, some western countries had been the colonials of other countries and there is a large quantity of immigrations in these countries. Thus, these countries affected by the various food cultures of other countries deeply. They, absorbing the other food culture on the basis of their own eating habits, specifically form of their compact dimensions and self-contained food civilization. This article elaborates the existing differences between Chinese and Western food culture from the aspects of the cooking methods, table wares, main dishes, table manners as well as other aspects; the elements to form these variance from the aspects of the sensibilitism and rationalism, individualism and collectivism, and arbitrary and regulatory and so on; the impact of the intersection between the Chinese and western food from the present situation of these two.

Key Words: differences; Chinese food culture; western food culture

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