防静电无尘衣面料的研究

摘  要

优质的防静电无尘衣是保护电子元件与电子器件的重要措施。目前针对防静电无尘服导电纤维、抗静电剂的种类以及防静电工作服的设计等方面的研究甚多，而对防静电无尘面料本身的结构及环境对防静电无尘服性能影响的研究工作较少。
本文在对防静电无尘衣的产生背景、发展历史和现状有一定了解后，采用相关的检测方法对防静电无尘面料中的导电纤维的成分进行分析研究，同时测试防静电无尘面料在不同温度和不同湿度以及不同洗涤时间的情况下防静电性能各指标（主要是表面电阻和摩擦电压）的变化情况。初步得出防静电无尘面料的防静电性能各指标随环境的湿度增加而降低，防静电性能越好。而温度增加，防静电性能各指标也呈现下降趋势。随洗涤时间增加，实验面料防静电性能各指标值均出现不同程度的增加。这些测试结果对掌握环境给防静电性能的测试结果带来的偏差提供了有力的证据。
另外，针对防静电无尘衣中所使用的导电纤维，使用傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）、溶解法、X射线和扫描电镜（SEM）（待测）进行分析。结果表明：导电纤维的基体为酰胺基改性的聚酯，在聚酯的外面涂覆了一层导电碳黑。

关键词：防静电无尘衣面料；导电纤维；表面电阻；摩擦电压；温度；湿度

ABSTRACT
High-quality anti-static & dust-free clothing is an important measure to protect the electronic components and electronic devices. At present, there are a lot of researches on conductive fibers and anti-static agents for anti-static & dust-free clothing as well as the design for it，but few on the structure of the anti-static & dust-free fabric and environment’s effect on functional properties of the anti-static & dust-free clothing.
After having a certain understanding of the background, the development history and the present situation of anti-static & dust-free clothing, used related detection methods to analyze the composition and structure of the conductive fiber in anti-static & dust-free fabric, meanwhile, tested how did anti-static & dust-free fabric’s anti-static performances(mainly surface resistance and friction voltage) vary with different temperatures and humidity and washing time. Preliminary came to a conclusion: that the anti-static performances of anti-static & dust-free fabric declined with the enhance of humidity, showing better anti-static performance; that a increase in temperature would present a drop tendency in anti-static performances; and that the anti-static performances of the experimental fabrics appeared different degrees of decay when washing time increased. The results of these tests provided a strong evidence for mastering the deviation of anti-static properties, which caused by environment.
Moreover, in view of the conductive fibers used in the anti-static & dust-free clothing ,also used Fourier infrared spectrum (FTIR), dissolution method, X-ray and scanning electron microscope(SEM) (under test) carried on the analysis.The results showed that: the matrix of the conductive fiber was amide-modified polyester,outside of the polyester coating a layer of conductive material carbon.

Keyword: Anti-static & dust-free clothing fabrics; Conductive fiber; Surface resistance; Friction voltage; Temperature; Humidity

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