放大镜塑料注射模具设计(CAD)

摘要
随着近代工业的发展，塑料的应用日趋广泛，从而使之相适应的塑料制造业蓬勃兴起。模具已是工业生产的主要工艺装备，模具工业已逐渐成为国民经济的基础工业。根据日常生活的需要，本次设计的课题是电话机外壳注塑模设计。
首先介绍了我国塑料模具的现状、发展趋势及我国塑料模具发展的新技术，其次围绕电话机机座下壳模具进行了设计，其主要内容包括 ：针对制品的结构特点，确定模具的型腔数目、分型面以及脱模机构。选择合理的浇注系统和冷却系统。分析并设计注塑工艺，制定合理的注塑工艺流程，正确选用注塑设备。然后查阅模具设计手册，选择模架，确定模架的结构尺寸，完成模具的总体设计。同时充分利用计算机绘图软件对零件进行设计, 形成了整套注塑模具CAD图。利用Pro/E对零件进行三维造型, 并实现零件的三维装配。最后讲述了塑料模具的制造:模具的生产过程、模具的主要加工方法及模具的机械加工，并且对典型零件加工工艺进行了分析并制作了注射成型工艺。通过本次设计，对模具整个设计过程有了较好的了解。注塑模具是在成型中赋予塑料以形状和尺寸的部件。模具的结构虽然由于塑料品种和性能、塑料制品的形状和结构以及注射机的类型等不同而可能千变万化，但是基本结构是一致的。模具主要由浇注系统、成型零件和结构零件三部分组成。其中浇注系统和成型零件是与塑料直接接触部分，并随塑料和制品而变化，是塑模中最复杂，变化最大，要求加工光洁度和精度最高的部分。
对此次放大镜无多大要求，它的整体尺寸不大，但要大批生产，为提高生产率，降低成本，故采用模具成批注射生产。并且该产品为放大镜要透光，所以材料采用聚苯乙烯（PS）做为材料。
对于浇注系统和成型零件的设计；浇注系统是指塑料从射嘴进入型腔前的流道部分，包括主流道、冷料穴、分流道和浇口等。成型零件是指构成制品形状的各种零件，包括动模、定模和型腔、型芯等。
此套放大镜模实现部分机械操作自动化，浇注系统采用普通流道，进行一模二腔注射。顶出机构由2条型芯和一条推杆顶出，型腔分动模型腔和定模型腔。

关键词　塑料模具   成型工艺  模具制造  加工工艺

Abstract
With the development of modern industry , the application of plastic is widespread day by day . which causes the plastic manufacturing industry adapts to emerged vigorously accordingly. Mold has been a kind of main technological equipments. Die industry has become foundation industry of national economy.Based on the requirements of daily life,the topic of this design is Telephone shell injection molding design
   First ,the article introduced the present situation of plastic mold ,the trend and new technology of the development in our country .Second, it carry on the design Telephone under the seat shell mold.Its primary coverage includes: According to the construct features of the product, numbers of mold cavities and the parting surface and the demoulding machine are determined. Reasonable pouring channel and cooling systems are selected. And then injection technology is analyzed and technology process is made reasonably and the injection equipment is selected correctly. A mold carrier is selected by looking up mold handbook and the die carrier construct size is determined. At last, the global design of the mold. And drawing software is used to design parts, and a series of CAD drawings are completed. Then 3D drawing of parts are designed by Pro/E and 3D assembly of parts are carried out.Finally the article narrated the manufacture of plastic mold:the production process,the main processing method and has carried on the analysis to the typical components processing craft and the mold Machining and the production of injection molding process . Through the project of the mold, the overall process of the design has been clearly and directly known.Mold is given in molding plastics in shape and size of components. Although the plastic mould structure and performance of varieties, the plastic products shape and structure and the types of injection machine and basic structure, but may protean is consistent. Mould mainly by pouring system, forming parts and structural components. One gating system and molding parts and plastic part is direct contact with plastic and products, and the changes in plastic mould, is the most complicated, the biggest change, request processing accuracy and finish the highest part.
How to the magnifying glass, it is the overall size, but to mass production, in order to improve productivity and reduce the cost, the injection mold production batches. And this product for a magnifying glass to pervious to light, so the material using polystyrene (PS) as materials.
For gating system and the design of its molding part, Gating system refers to the plastic injection mold from before entering the passage parts, including the mainstream, cold, material and shunt gate, etc. Molding parts refers to various parts of the form products, including the shape of dynamic model and modulus and cavity, cores, etc.
This set of magnifying glass mould realize part of mechanical operation automation, gating system using common flow injection mould for a second cavity. Article 2 the organization by the core and a rod, the dynamic model of cavity points and fixed model.

Keywords　plastic mold ;design of compression mold ;mold manufacting;  

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