蠕墨铸铁微观组织特征的分析研究

蠕墨铸铁微观组织特征的分析研究
摘要

最近几年，蠕墨铸铁的应用越来越广泛。我国与国外几乎是同期开始把含有蠕虫状石墨的铸铁作为正式的工程材料来研究和应用，而将其投入工业应用，我国则早于国外。早在20世纪60～80年代，我国对它就作了广泛深入的试验研究。本文主要从以下四个方面展开分析：通过对不同冷速下结晶蠕铁的液谇试样进行分析观测，对蠕墨铸铁的一次结晶及蠕墨的形成机理进行了一些探讨，进一步阐述了石墨中倾斜孪晶的作用；研究了稀土、稀土镁加稀土钙和稀土镁加钛铁做蠕化剂对蠕墨铸铁石墨形态和性能的影响。综合考虑石墨形态、性能以及蠕化处理工艺，得到了综合性能好的蠕化剂为稀土镁加钛铁；叙述了蠕墨铸铁中球状石墨对材料性能的影响及球状石墨控制等生产技术问题。对蠕墨铸铁生产有一定参考价值；阐述蠕墨铸铁的生产过程、质量控制、蠕化效果的分析和蠕化问题的处理，以及原材料、化学成分、炉前蠕化处理等各个环节的管理和监控。

关键词   蠕墨铸铁,  一次结晶,  蠕化剂,  球状石墨,  生产技术
Abstract

The application of vermicular graphite cast iron is becoming more and more popular in recent years. China and other countries embarked on the study and application of vermicular graphite cast iron as a formal engineering material nearly in the same period. But China had carried out extensive experiments and study on it as early as in 1960s to 1980s, which is much earlier than the others in the field of industrial application. This paper analyzes the following four aspects: analyze and observe the liquid quenched samples of crystal vermicular graphite cast iron through different cooling rates , discuss the primary crystallization  of vermicular graphite cast iron and the forming mechanism of vermicular graphite, further elaborate the role of tilting twins in graphite；study the effect of such three vermiculizers as rare earth, rare earth magnesium plus rare earth calcium, rare earth magnesium plus ferrotitanium on the morphology and properties of graphite in vermicular graphite cast iron. Considering graphite morphology, performance and vermicularity process comprehensively, rare earth magnesium plus ferrotitanium has good combination property；descript the impact of spherical graphite on the material properties and the production technology of spherical control in vermicular graphite cast iron, which has certain reference value in the production of vermicular graphite cast iron；introduce the producing process, quality control, analysis of the vermicularizing effect, treatment of vermicularizing issues, as well as the management and monitoring of all aspects ,such as raw material, chemical composition, vermicularizing treating before putting  material into the furnace.

Keywords   vermicular graphite cast iron, primary crystallization, vermiculizer, spherical graphite, technology

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