论英汉互译中的文化差异

论英汉互译中的文化差异
摘  要

语言和文化是密不可分的，语言是文化的一部分，又是文化的载体。翻译是一种跨文化交流活动，也就是语言转换的过程，把一种语言代号中的存储的文化信息用另一种语言传达出来。即文化信息解码再重新加码从而达到以跨文化交流为目的的语言转换过程。从这种意义上说，语言翻译属于跨文化翻译。汉英对译涉及到了中、西方文化，汉英文化差异体现在宗教信仰、亲属称谓、风俗习惯、地理位置等方面。汉语和英语都是高度发达的语言，承载了丰富的文化特色和文化信息。汉英两种语言属于两大不同的语系，而且有各自的语言文化环境，这就要求译者深入了解中西方各自的文化，跨越文化的鸿沟，避免误译。基于中西方文化差异对跨文化翻译的影响，本文就中西方文化差异作简要的比较，并提出汉英互译中处理这种文化差异所要采用的有效方法。  
关键词：文化差异，汉英对译，翻译方法
On Cultural Difference in C-E Translation
 

ABSTRACT

Language and culture are inseparable. Language is a part of culture and the carrier of culture. Translation is a kind of intercultural exchange, which is a process of the language code transformation in which it expresses the cultural messages stored in one language code by using the other one. Namely, it is a transmittal process in which cultural message is decoded and re-encoded so as to reach the goal of intercultural communication. In this sense, cross-language translation belongs to cultural translation. The C-E translation involves Chinese and western culture. And the cultural differences are present in different beliefs, terms of address, customs, geographical positions and so on. English and Chinese are all highly-developed languages which carry plentiful cultural characteristics and information, and which belong to two different language families and have their own cultural environment. That requires translators to know more about western and Chinese culture to surmount cultural gap and avoid mistranslation. In view of the influence of culture on intercultural translation, this thesis will make a brief comparison between western and Chinese culture, and show effective translation methods in details, which deal with such cultural differences in C-E translation.

Key words: cultural difference, C-E translation, translation methods

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