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微生物法提高汽油辛烷值的研究


全文字数:16000字左右  原创时间:<=2022年

【内容摘要】

微生物法提高汽油辛烷值的研究


微生物法提高汽油辛烷值的研究
 摘  要
为了环境保护以及汽车节能,汽油升级和无铅化已是必然趋势,世界许多国家已制定了严格的汽油生产规定。因此,采用先进的技术,尽快提高汽油辛烷值是各炼厂迫切需要解决的问题。所以我设计实验利用微生物法提高汽油辛烷值。
该实验以大庆油田某采油井井台周围被石油污染的土壤为菌源,经过富集筛选、分离、纯化得到一株能以异辛烷为唯一碳源和能源进行生长的细菌,命名为Z菌。通过形态学观察、生理生化特征鉴定,结合16S rDNA扩增、测序,结果表明:Z菌的形态及主要生理生化特征与芽孢杆菌属一致,通过考察其生长曲线,得知该菌的繁殖速度较快,有较强的繁殖能力,同时对数生长期较长,对实际应用较有利。并通过考察异辛烷浓度、pH值、温度和接种量对菌株生长量和异辛烷降解率的影响总结出:Z菌降解异辛烷的最适温度为35℃,最适pH为8.0,最适降解的异辛烷浓度为500mg/L,72h内降解率为74.9%。
关键词:汽油;降解菌;筛选分离;降解特性;16S rDNA 

Studies on improving the octane number of gasolines  using  microbiological  method  
Abstrast
    To environmental protection and vehicle energy saving,gasoline upgrade and unleaded gasoline is inevitable trend. Many countries in the world have enacted a stringent provision of the gasoline productions. Therefore, the use of advanced technology to enhance the octane number of gasolines is an urgent problem to be solved for the refineries. So I designed an experiment to improve the octane number of gasolines using  microbiological method.
    A bacterium capable of utilizing isooctane as sole carbon source was isolated from the polluted soil by oil received from Daqing Oil Field's some oil well.This bacterium was identified by biochemical, physiological and the similarity analysis of its 16S rDNA sequence. The results of traditional method showed that the strain Z was identical with Bacillus.The investigation of the growth curve of Z shows that this bacterium's growth is faster and  they have a strong ability to reproduce, at the same time, there longer logarithmic phase leads to a favorable application. Through the investigation of the infection on the quantity of growth and the degradation of isooctane from concentration of isooctane、temperature、pH and inoculumconcentration,we can summarize that the optimal pH and temperature for the degradation were 8.0 and 35℃, respectively. Under the best habitat, the degeneration rate of isooctane in 72 hours was 74.9% while isooctane-degrading strain was cultured in an inorganic medium in which the mass concentration of the isooctane was 500mg/L.
 Key words:gasoline;degradation strain;isolation;degradation characteristics;16S rDNA

 

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