论新闻发言人的传播角色
论新闻发言人的传播角色
摘 要：当今社会，大家对新闻发言人并不陌生了，但是大多数人都会将新闻发言人当作一个普通的角色，并不知道新闻发言人其实是有一套制度支撑的，他并不是普通的自然人，而是制度人。新闻发言人制度的诞生，标志了民众知情权的实现，同时，他也是政府的喉舌，这个角色在政府和民众之间起到了桥梁的作用。新闻发言人制度最早是起始与美国的（19世纪初），所以发展至今已经相当完善了。我国的新闻发言人制度起步晚（1983），而且起初的新闻新闻发言人并没有真正担负起这个角色，在2003年，号称“新闻发言人年”，因为“SARS”事件使得大众接受了这个新鲜的词汇，再后来是“汶川大地震时期”，进一步加深了这个词的概念，中国新闻发言人制度也在不断完善和发展。
本文就是对新闻发言人这个新新的角色进行界定，分析和比较，同时加入了一些简单易懂的案例来诠释所涉及的内容，文中还运用了对比的手法，分析比较我过与美国在新闻发言人领域的差异，有利于我们更加真实和清晰的认识到新闻发言人这个概念。本人在文中所涉及到的新闻发言人大多是政府新闻发言人，因为更具有代表性和权威性。
关键词：制度；知情权；角色；新闻发言人
Abstract：In the modern society, we are no stranger to the spokesperson, however, most of us regard spokesman as common role, and people don’t understand there is a strong system support this role. Actually, spokesperson are not natural person, they are organizational man. The birth of spokesman system marked people’s “right to know” can realize. Meanwhile, spokesman is the mouthpiece of the government, and it also serves as a bridge to connect government and populace. Spokesman system originated from the U.S.A (The beginning of 19th century), so this system is sophisticated. The spokesman system has a short history in China (1983), and at the beginning, the spokesmen were not take their responsibility. Nevertheless, 2003 called “The year of spokesman”, because the issue of “SARS”, people accepts this new concept which is spokesman system. Then, “We chuan earthquake” make masses understand this theory deeply. So China’s spokesman system is trending perfect.
In this article, I gave the definition, analysis and comparison. I ranged over the spokesman system of government, because it has representativeness and authority. I also compare the spokesman system’s differences between China and the U.S.A, so that we could have a comprehensive understanding of this concept.
Key words: System；The right to know ；Role ；Spokesperson
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