关联理论视角下的英语幽默的理解

关联理论视角下的英语幽默的理解
摘  要

论文基于Sperber 和 Wilson 提出的关联理论，从认知环境和互明、关联理论的两种原则，以及明示-推理交流，这三个关联理论的基础出发，与一般对话比较，逐一分析幽默语的形成（说话者在表面交流阶段在输入信息时，故意将话语乖讹化，不直接道出意图），以及理解过程（听者在解读话语字面意思后，会得到一些相关信息，但需要比一般对话付出更多的努力来获取说话者的信息意图，以明白他或她的交流意图）。论文的分析表现出了幽默的语言特点 — 非直接性或乖讹性，并揭示了幽默是如何达到娱乐人们的意义的，即额外的努力带来额外的收获。这种额外的收获就是欢笑。

关键词：关联理论；幽默；理解过程； 乖讹化
Understanding English Humor from the Perspective of Relevance Theory
 

ABSTRACT

This thesis is based on the framework of Relevance Theory developed by Sperber and Wilson. From the perspective of relevance theory including cognitive environment and mutual manifestness, the two principles of relevance theory and ostensive-inferential communication, the thesis analyses the formation of humor (in ostensive communication, the speaker conveys his or her intention indirectly which gives rise of incongruity), and the process of interpretation (the hearer encodes the utterance literally, and gets several relative information, but needs more effort to pick out the speaker’s informative intention from those relative information, and finally obtains the speaker’s communicative intention) by contrasting with general conversations. That reflects the linguistic feature of humor — indirect or incongruous, and also reveals how humor reaches the humorous effect — extra effort brings extra effect. This extra effect is laughter.

Key words: Relevance Theory; humor; the process of interpretation; incongruity

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