浅论《一九八四》中的极权统治与反极权抗争

浅论《一九八四》中的极权统治与反极权抗争
《一九八四》是奥威尔的著名政治讽喻小说，堪称世界文坛上最伟大的反乌托邦、反极权的著作之一。文章试从大洋国的极权统治，理性个体的反极权抗争，以及反极权抗争的失败原因三个角度出发，对《一九八四》中的人性主题进行探讨研究。在大洋国里，以“老大哥”为首的核心党对绝对权力的极端追求直接导致了对人性的摧残。作为一个小人物，主人公温斯顿却做出了无畏的反抗，在强大的极权主义制度下追求思想自由和自然的生活体验。通过对极权统治和反极权抗争的对立的描写，奥威尔揭露了极权主义制度扭曲的本质和对人性的摧残。尽管小说以温斯顿的抗争失败告终，他的反抗精神却弥足珍贵。温斯顿在极权统治下的无畏抗争使人们在黑暗中看到光明，从失败中总结教训，具有积极的现实意义。

关键词：奥威尔；《一九八四》；极权统治；反极权抗争
ABSTRACT

Nineteen Eight-Four is Orwell’s famous political allegorical novel and regarded as one of the greatest dystopian and anti-totalitarian works in the world. This thesis attempts to study on the theme of humanity in Nineteen Eighty-Four from the three perspectives: totalitarian rule in Oceania, rational individuals’ struggle against totalitarianism and reasons for the failure of the struggle against totalitarianism. In Oceania, under the leadership of Big Brother, the Inner Party pursues absolute power in an extreme way, which directly gives rise to the damage of humanity. As a common person, Winston, resists against totalitarian rule dauntlessly. Under such a powerful totalitarian system, he strives for mental freedom and natural life experience. Through the description of the opposition of the totalitarian rule and the struggle against totalitarianism, Orwell discloses the twisted essence of totalitarian system, which inclines to devastate humanity. Even though the novel ends with the failure of Winston’s struggle, his spirit of resistance is valuable. Winston’s fearless struggle under the totalitarian rule leads people to see the light in the darkness and draw lessons from the failure, which possesses positive realistic significance.

Key words: Orwell；Nineteen Eighty-Four；the totalitarian rule；the struggle against totalitarianism

*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】