论英汉互译中的定谓转换

论英汉互译中的定谓转换
摘  要

英语和汉语一样，定语和谓语之间存在着一致的功能对立，表现为两种语言都倾向于用定语承载已知信息和次要信息，而用谓语承载未知信息和重要信息。但是就定语与谓语的使用而言，英汉两种语言又存在差异，表现为在英语句法组织中更多地倾向用修饰结构，而汉语句法组织中则更多地倾向于述谓结构，这主要是由于两种语言不同的修辞倾向造成的。定语和谓语的功能对立，作为两种语言的共性，是翻译过程中采取成分对译的理据，而两种语言中不同的句法修辞倾向又要求在翻译的过程中采取成分转译。文章分为三部分：引言、正文和结论。引言是对相关的研究以及存在的问题做了简单的介绍；正文分为三部分，第一章是对英汉语之间定语和谓语功能对立的共性的描述和解释；第二部分则探讨了定、谓语在两种语言中的使用差异，并从修辞角度进行的解释；第三部分则是通过实例，探讨了定、谓语在翻译中的转换规律。结论部分 则是在前文研究的基础上总结了定谓转换的规律。

关键词：定语，谓语，转换
On the Attribute-Predicate
Conversion in Translation Between
English and Chinese
                                 
 
ABSTRACT
There is a universal functional opposition between the attribute and the predicate both in Chinese and English, in that both languages use the attribute to convey old or background information while using the predicate to convey new or focal information. But so far as the use of the attribute and the predicate are concerned, English is more inclined to the use of the former, while Chinese the use of the latter. This is mainly due to their different stylistic inclinations. The functional opposition between the attribute and the predicate, as a language universal, is the motivation for the use of correspondence, while the different stylistic inclinations for the use of conversion in the process of translation. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, the body and conclusion. In the introduction, a brief account of relevant studies is offered with attention to questions unanswered. The body contains three sections. The first section offers a description of and an explanation for the functional opposition between the attribute and the predicate. The second section focuses on the different inclinations toward the use of the attribute and the predicate. The third section demonstrates with examples the way conversion takes place in E-C and C-E translation. The conclusion part is a sum-up of the previous studies.

Key words: attribute, predicate, conversion

*若需了解更多与协助请咨询↓→[电脑QQ][手机QQ]【数据协助】