核心句分析法和英语长句的汉译

核心句分析法和英语长句的汉译
摘  要

由于英汉语之间存在的特征差异，英语长句的翻译成了翻译中的一大难题。由于所有语言在核心结构上都比较接近，所以使用核心句分析法来翻译英语长句是一种很有效的翻译方法。文章首先比较了英汉句子的差异，并指出英语长句的基本特点；然后引进核心句分析法，介绍了核心句的概念及其形式特征，以作为英语长句分析的重要手段；然后提出具体实例，指出核心句分析五个基本步骤，包括确认每个单词的成分，分析内隐结构，找出核心句，分析各核心句间的关系，传译核心句。接着提出根据核心句之间的三种关系——时间关系、空间关系、逻辑关系——来进行译文重组，最终获得目标语的表层结构。

关键词：英语长句，核心句，核心句分析，翻译
Kernel Sentence Analysis and the Translation of English Long Sentence into Chinese
                                                    
ABSTRACT
Because of the difference of features between English and Chinese, the translation of English long sentence becomes a great problem in translation procedures. All languages are close in kernel structures, so Kernel Sentence Analysis approach is an effective method for English long sentence translation. In this paper, the writer first makes a brief comparison of English and Chinese sentences, pointing out the characteristics of English sentences and Chinese ones. Then the author introduces Kernel Sentence Analysis as a useful means to deal with the translation of English sentences. The definition and formal features of kernel sentences are introduced before specific long sentences are provided to exemplify the use of kernel sentence analysis in English –Chinese translation. It is pointed out that there are five procedures in the application of kernel sentence analysis in English long sentences (including identifying the element of each words; explaining the invisible inner structure; finding out the kernel sentence; explaining relations between kernel sentences and transferring kernel sentences) and that English kernel sentence can be reconstructed in Chinese according to three types of relationships between these kernel sentences, namely, time sequence, spatial sequence, and logical sequence, before they are transformed into Chinese surface structures.

Key words: English long sentences, kernel sentence, kernel sentence analysis, translation

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