言语幽默的语用分析

言语幽默的语用分析
摘  要
幽默是一种人生的智慧，它起着润滑人际关系，增进相互理解，提高生活品质的作用。幽默的理论研究始于柏拉图和亚里士多德时代，经过人们的不断研究和探索，后来形成了三种很典型的幽默理论：优越论、情感释放论和乖讹论。随着社会科学在各个分支上的发展，人们开始热衷于从更多的具体的领域，如社会学、人类学、哲学、美学、语言学等对幽默展开研究。论文针对言语幽默这一课题展开了关于其语用特性的研究。并且希望通过对言语幽默进行一定的语用分析，能够促进人们对言语幽默的理解，同时也为人们的日常交流提供一些借鉴。论文首先从幽默的词源学探究和基本理论开始，对幽默进行探讨，特别是从语用学这个角度对言语幽默进行定义和理解，概括了有关幽默机制的理论，并通过实例对其进行了分析。论文还对乖讹论进行了很详细的探究。合作原则是语用学的重要原则之一，很多言语幽默的产生源于对合作原则的有意或无意违反。论文试从语用学的角度对言语幽默进行理论和实例分析，目的是使人们自如地理解与运用幽默,丰富我们的日常生活。

关键词：言语幽默，语用分析，幽默机制，合作原则,违反
Analysis on Verbal Humor from the Perspective of Pragmatics

                                            
ABSTRACT
Humor is the wisdom of human beings. It helps to build good human relationships, strengthen mutual understandings and improve life quality. Humor study has a long history which can even be traced back to the time of Plato and Aristotle. Great effort and endeavor have been taken by many scholars through the years, and three classical theories were formed: superiority theories, psychoanalytic theory and incongruity theory. With the fast-developing of society and science, the study of humor later developed into a multi-disciplinary subject involving sociology, anthropology, philosophy, pathology, linguistics and so on. This thesis is devoted to a pragmatic study on verbal humor with an attempt to achieve a fuller understanding of it, and also wish to make some useful contributions for the people in their daily communication. At the very beginning of this thesis, we start from some basic concepts and general theories of humor. Especially, we try the angle of pragmatics in the course of study. And then, we talk about the working mechanisms of humor and use some examples to support them. What is more, this thesis has done a lot of researches on the incongruity theory. CP (Cooperative Principle) is one of the most important principles of pragmatics. Much verbal humor results from conscious or unconscious violation of the Cooperative Principle. This thesis tries to analyze the verbal humor from the perspective of pragmatics by using some theories and examples. The purpose of doing this is to help people understand and use the humor freely and enrich our daily life.

Key words: verbal humor, pragmatic analysis, working mechanisms, CP, violation

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