从功能对等理论看汉语四字成语的翻译

ABSTRACT

Four-character idioms are indispensable components of Chinese language. They appear everywhere—in newspapers, magazines, advertisements, literary works, etc. Four-character idioms possess a vital position in Chinese. In E-C translation, people often employ them to improve the translation. And many researches have been done on it. However, few researches have been done on translating Chinese four-character idioms into English. In view of this, the author of present thesis believes that it is necessary to do some researches in this aspect and attempts to propose several strategies for translating four-character idioms into English.
This thesis first gives a brief introduction to Chinese four-character idioms, including their definition, sources, features as well as their significance in translation. In this paper, then, the author explains thoroughly the definition of Nida’s equivalence theory, its development and influence in translation theories home and abroad and focuses on introducing his views about functional equivalence. And this thesis maintains that a proper use of functional equivalence theory can lead to an appropriate four-character idioms translation. Lastly, with examples excerpted from some famous classical and contemporary literary works, the author offers five methods of translating idioms accordingly which adhere to functional equivalence theory.  

KEY WORDS

equivalence theory; Chinese four-character idioms; strategies; translation

内 容 摘 要

四字成语是汉语中一种常见的语言现象，是汉语词汇的一大特点。在我们日常生活中随处可见它们的身影，报刊、杂志、广告、文学作品中者有大量四字成语。它们在汉语中的重要地位是不容忽视的。英汉翻译过程中常常运用到四字成语，目前在这方面已经有了许多深入的研究和精彩的例子。但是对于如何将汉语这一民族语言精华翻译成英语的研究却还不多而且目前的研究还不全面，缺乏系统性。鉴于此，本文作者认为有必要探讨这一问题，并在文中尝试提出几种翻译四字成语的方法。
本文首先简单介绍了汉语四字成语，包括其定义、来源、特点及意义。然后，论述了奈达对等理论的定义，发展以及对中外翻译理论及实践的影响，详述了其功能对等理论，并认为恰当的利用功能对等理论能够有效的进行汉语四字成语的翻译。最后结合大量实例分析，提出了汉语四字成语翻译的五种方法。

关 键 词

对等理论；汉语四字成语；策略；翻译

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