美国的电影文化分析

Abstract
A nation’s culture is essentially shown in its art works. There are many types of art, such as literature and paintings. Among them, movies may be most vivid and direct so it has access to a wide audience. It is therefore vital to appreciate movies if one expects to know about a certain culture. As is known to all, American movies are dominant in the market and carry with them the culture from an economic power that draws no little scholastic study. It is this thesis’s purpose to follow that study and gives literary analysis to its causes and impact. The thesis also approaches the issue in terms of psychology and history. First, it concerns the characteristics of America’s movie culture, which is divided into three parts: the analysis of Hollywood, pornography and violence and spiritual shallowness. Each part is studied with respect to art, literature and sociology. Second, the thesis calls for an effort to learn from American movies which are outstanding in terms of creativity and art spontaneity. Third, it discusses the influence of cultural penetration and suggests some countering measures. From methodology, the thesis deals with different aspects on the basis of their increasing significance. It thus far comes to the conclusion that while American movies are profit driven and literarily shallow, they bring freshness to the film industry and contribute positively to art by respecting diversity. Still, it is suggested that the author should make a sounder construction of details and use more idiomatic expression.

【key words】 Hollywood Movies; Literature; Psychology; Cultural penetration

中文摘要
美国电影文化的影响是全球性的，其范围之广很大程度上依赖其经济的强大与政治的强势。自1783年抗英战争胜利以来，美利坚民族以其独特的发展方式于世界舞台上熠熠生辉，其娱乐业特别是好莱钨更掌舵着全球流行文化的发展，成为各界时尚的指标。美国影视业也大红大紫，在电影市场稍欠喜色的今天，美国大片依旧威风，大事宣扬其特有的商业文化，掌控各地票房。正因其独特的文化地位，美国电影自19世纪60年代以来一直备受学者们的关注。随电影而来的文化信息纷繁杂乱，有关的学术探讨也褒贬不一。本论文在于分析美国电影文化的特点与影响，并从文艺学，心理学，历史学等角度解释这些电影文化特点背后的因素。本论文首先介绍了好莱坞电影的制作策略，再分析其反映的文化观；然后总结美国电影的主要特点，给出背后的潜在原因，并指出美国电影文化在功利主义与商业化侵染下的肤浅性与粗俗性；最后本文还提出“警惕文化侵蚀，保护本土文化”的观念，提倡发扬中国传统文化。另一方面，本论文从正面指出美国电影业富想象创造力，尊重艺术自然性，鼓励思想多元化的优良特点，为中国影视业的进步指明了方向。本论文采用了由浅入深的方法编排内容，先从表浅的好莱坞电影制作技巧说起，再揭露美国电影普遍存在的问题，再分析这些问题背后的原因。美国电影文化在商业氛围的影响中变质，艺术内涵相对缺乏，但美利坚民族特有的朝气与活力为其电影带来珍贵的创新与探索精神，这正是中国影视业需要学习的方面。
【关键词】 好莱坞电影； 文艺； 心理学； 文化侵蚀

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