法律文本中的情态动词的翻译

Abstract
Since China joined WTO in 2001, China has developed a closer relationship with other countries. With increasing exchanges in different realms, increasing legal interaction takes place on transnational and international levels. Therefore, the tasks of translating legal texts tend to be heavier and heavier. And the accuracy of translation between Chinese and English versions is of essential importance. However, our Chinese society has a lack of the highly qualified professional team of legal translation that can carry on the responsibilities. Studying the translation of this practical realm will be helpful for us to extensively participate in the international exchange. As one of the main lexical features of legal language, the correct translation of modal verbs plays an important role in the whole text translation and is conducive to maintain the authority and accuracy of legal texts. This paper aims to study the translation of modal verbs in legal documents by analyzing the interpersonal functions of them and taking an insight into the modal verbs used in both English and Chinese versions of the Basic Law of Hong Kong Administrative Region, which is taken as one of the most authoritative bilingual laws in China. Through the analysis, the paper treats of the different translations of the most frequently used modal verbs, shall, may and must in positive and negative statements.
【Key Words】 legal translation; lexical features; modal verbs; interpersonal functions

中文摘要
自2001年中国加入世界贸易组织以来，我国与世界各国的往来越来越密切。随着在国际上与各国在各领域的交流越来越多，跨国与国际法律案件也有了上升的趋势，随之而来的是越来越繁重的法律文本翻译任务，因此，中英法律文本互译的正确性在跨国案件中显得尤为重要。然而，当今中国社会依然十分缺乏能够肩负此繁重翻译任务的高素质法律翻译人才，为了更好地参与到国际竞争中，研究法律翻译显得十分必要。而在法律文本的翻译中，对作为法律文本主要词汇特征的情态动词的准确翻译对保证法律文本的权威性和准确性起到十分重要的作用。本文旨在通过分析法律文件中情态动词的人际关系作用，探究作为国内中英法律文本中最具权威性的文本之一的《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》中情态动词的翻译，总结出shall、may和must三个在法律文本中出现最多的情态动词在肯定句和否定句中的不同翻译特点。
【 关键词 】法律翻译；词汇特征；情态动词；人际功能

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