谈中国政治短语的英语翻译-以2008年政府工作报告为例

Abstract
This thesis is a study of the techniques of translating political phrases in Government Work Report (hereafter referred to as GWR) on the basis of Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory. GWR is delivered to the People’s Congress by the premier of the state council on National People’s Congress. It is rendered into English by the Compilation and Translation Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. It is of great necessity and significance that the political phrases in GWR are translated faithfully since politics is a very sensitive topic. This paper aims at exploring useful techniques for political phrases translation in GWR. It takes the 2008 GWR as the basic research source and studies carefully the different political phrases translation versions in the GWR from 2000 to 2007 and some of the Government White Papers. By analyzing the different political phrases translation through comparison, definition and examples, efficient techniques are introduced as follows---choosing proper words; literal translation when there are absolute equivalents; supplementary translation towards lexical equivalence. By using these techniques, the political phrases can be translated accurately and faithfully. Consequently, the foreign readers can get the same message as the Chinese readers do without any misunderstanding.

【Key Words】GWR; Functional Equivalence; political phrases; political implications

中文摘要
本文在美国著名翻译理论家——尤金•奈达的功能对等翻译理论的指导下，对政府工作报告中政治性短语的翻译进行了初步的研究。政府工作报告是国务院总理在全国人民代表大会上对政府工作的总结以及对未来的展望，由中共中央编译局翻译成英语版本。此官方文件语言的正式性与准确性是显而易见的，因此其中涉及政治因素的短语的翻译更是不容忽视。本文首先探讨了功能对等翻译理论在政治性短语翻译实践中的指导作用，继而以2008年的政府工作报告为语料，并通过与2000年至2007年政府工作报告和部分政府白皮书进行对比研究，对2008年政府工作报告中出现的政治性短语的翻译进行细致分析，提出了翻译政府工作报告中政治性短语的有效技巧。本文采用文献分析、比较和定义等方法，在功能对等理论的基础上对所搜集的资料进行了整理与分析，结果表明可以通过以下方法使政治性短语的翻译更加忠实与准确：选择适当的词语；直译；增译。通过运用以上策略，能使政府工作报告中的政治性短语翻译更加忠实原文，从而可使外国读者更好地接受信息和了解中国。

【关键词】政府工作报告; 功能对等; 政治性短语; 政治涵义

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