评《玻璃动物园》中汤姆矛盾的性格

摘    要

《玻璃动物园》 (1944)是美国20世纪戏剧家田纳西• 威廉斯( Tennessee Williams)的成名之作。自1944 年问世以来受到批评界高度重视。1945年,该剧在百老汇连续演出561场, 轰动一时。
戏剧《玻璃动物园》讲述的是一个普通家庭的故事,即描述了一个美国南方中产阶级家庭在经济大萧条背景下的不幸遭遇。观众们都对劳拉充满了同情。许多评论家和观众都认为阿曼达和劳拉是这部戏剧的主角，很少有评论家把注意力放在故事的叙述者汤姆的身上。论文通过分析汤姆的心理过程，结果发现造成汤姆矛盾性格的原因才是田纳西•威廉姆斯真正想表达的主题。
这篇论文共分为四部分。引言部分主要概述了作者田纳西•威廉姆斯，小说的内容及这部戏剧的隐性主。 正文第一章从三个方面，即汤姆的天性，母亲的影响，父亲照片对他的诱惑，来分析汤姆逃离家庭的原因。第二章通过分析了汤姆对劳拉的爱及汤姆的同性恋倾向揭示了汤姆痛苦的原因。结论部分通过以上分析汤姆逃跑和痛苦的原因总结汤姆的矛盾性格，及《玻璃动物园》这部戏剧的真正主题。

关键词: 《玻璃动物园》；  汤姆；  矛盾性格
Abstract

The Glass Menagerie（1944）is Tennessee Williams's famous work. Since it was finished finally in 1944, it has still received the high attention of critics. In 1945, the play had 561 consecutive performances in Broadway, creating a sensation.
The play The Glass Menagerie tells the story of an ordinary family. It describes misfortunes of a southern middle-class family during the Great Depression in America. Audience sympathizes with Laura. Many critics and audience think that Amanda and Laura are major roles in The Glass Menagerie. Fewer critics put attention on son Tom, the narrator of the story. This dissertation tries to analyze Tom’s psychological processing. As a result, we will find that reasons causing Tom’s contradictory character are major themes and social problems, which Tennessee Williams wants to reveal. 
The dissertation has four parts. The part of Introduction mainly introduces the author Tennessee Williams, the story of this drama and hidden theme. The second part analyses the reasons of Tom escaping from three points: Tom's instinct, mother's impact on Tom, temptation of father's photo on Tom. The third part explores the reasons of Tom pains by analysing Tom's love for Laura and Tom's homosexual tendency. The conclusion concludes Tom's contradictory character by reasons of Tom's escape and pains and reveals the true theme of this drama.

Key words: The Glass Menagerie;  Tom;  Contradictory Character

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