就目的论来看涉外导游词的翻译及其策略

摘要：随著跨文化的加深，经济已经不仅仅局限于商务贸易，旅游业，作为一个新兴产业，发展迅猛，并位列世界贸易三大支柱产业之一。根据世界贸易组织预测, 中国在未来几十年内将成为全世界最大的旅游目的地之一。对中国而言,
旅游业不仅是获取外汇的有效途径, 更是向世界传播本国文化,树立本国正面形象的良好渠道。作为展现旅游景点风貌的一个媒介,涉外导游词的翻译起着不可或缺的重要作用。旅游翻译中不可避免的语言和文化差异使学者意识到，对传统的“忠实/对等”翻译原则重新诠释是势在必行的。
在导游翻译活动中,译者必须把“目的性”纳入考虑范围,仔细揣摩翻译在目标语境中所要达到的交际目的,采取适当的翻译策略。文章中提出了同化与异化，它们赋予了原作在目标文化里的第二次生命。就功能目的论角度来看,翻译应以实现译文在译语文化中的预期功能为首要原则,也即翻译的目的性原则。涉外导游词的翻译也应遵循这一原则，但是对传统的“忠实/对等”翻译原则，导游词使行不通的。本文意欲在目的论下“目的决定策略”来研究翻译策略。在对目的论，翻译的基本理论和导游词研究三理论进行了详尽地阐述之后，论文揭示了翻译导游词时，目的论下的第三种翻译策略，这一部分是全文的理论核心，为其后的导游词分析奠定了坚实的理论基础。本论文通过从目的论的详尽阐释，加强了对译者主体性的研究，并为同化与异化的研究提供了新的视角。

关键词：导游词；翻译与策略；目的论；同化与异化
Skopos Theories on Translation and Strategy of Foreign Tour-Guide    Abstract: Orienting to the cross- cultural perspective, the world economy has gradually shifted the focus from commercial trade to the tourism which is an emerging industry and is developing rapidly as well as turns into the World Trade industries among the three pillars. According to the World Trade Organization, it has forecast that China will become the world's largest tourist attraction in the further. For China, Tourism is not only an effective resource to obtain foreign exchange, but also the dissemination of national culture to the world, thus providing channels to establish a positive image for China. As a medium to show tourist attractions style, the translation for tour guides plays an important role. While, linguistic and cultural difference between languages have aroused the awareness of a new interpretation for the traditional translation criterion.
 In Guide translation activities, the translators must take the "purpose" into account and carefully try to figure out the real translation purpose in the target context and take appropriate translation strategies as well. In this case, the term of foreignization and domestication is put forward from the perspective of skopos Theory, which is defined to be the regeneration of source text’s life in the target culture. It is manifest that translation aims in nature at the fulfillment of its intercultural communicative aims. In the meantime, guide commentary is impossible from the abidance by the “faithfulness/equivalence” principle. This thesis tends to examine the translation strategies under the skopos rule of “the end justifies the means”, that is, to survey the principle of translation purpose. After a detailed introduction of theories of the skopos and translation and guide words research, the thesis demonstrates the co-existence between foreignization and domestication, which is the core of the thesis and forms a solid theoretical foundation for the guide commentaries translation. To sum up, the thesis enhances the study of translation strategies in guide words via a thorough research on skopos theory as well as provides a new perspective for the survey of foreignization and domestication.

Keywords: Guide words; translation and strategy; skopos; foreignization and domestication

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