浅析景点翻译策略—以杭州译名为例

摘要：旅游作为世界上最大的产业之一，对世界经济文化已经产生了巨大的影响。它不仅为数以百万计的人们提供了就业机会，为各个国家带来了经济效益，同时也促进了文化、教育和娱乐观念的进步，提高了人们的生活质量。中国是个古老的国度，不仅有为数众多风景名胜象风景如画的山脉和江河，还有许多历史文化古迹。所有这些都深深吸引着外国游客。
然而，由于语言障碍，外国读者常常很难理解旅游作品尤其是景点名称中的文化精髓。因此，怎样正确翻译就值得我们关注。如何解决旅游翻译中所包含的文化多样性以及中英文的不对等性？如何翻译旅游中涉及的文化差异，最大限度的避免误解？
了解旅游景点名称的语言特色和风格有利于旅游翻译人员熟悉英语语言国家与中国之间的文化差异，进行合理有效的景点名称翻译，缩小中外文化差异，促进中外文化交流。同时可以更加提高旅游业的翻译质量，促进中国旅游业的进一步发展。
带着这些问题，本文从杭州景点翻译实例为分析依据，尝试分析了中文景点名称的特点，并对其进行分类；探讨不同适用环境下的景点英译方法；比较了各种现有译名的优劣，同时引出个人的思考。写这篇论文，目的是为充分把握旅游景点名称的语言特色和文化特点及景点名称翻译的策略，从而加深认识英语语言和翻译学。

关键词：景点翻译；分类及特征；词汇特征；文化特征；修辞特征；现状分析;翻译策略
Brief Analysis on Translation Strategies of Scenic Spots
—to Take Hangzhou’s Translated Names as Examples

Abstract: With the successful entry into WTO and Olympic Game’s bid, China has made continious progress in tourism. More and more foreign tourists are coming to visit the ancient China. One of the main purposes for them to be in China is to sightsee the interests of places and local customs. So the translation of those scenic spots’ names becomes extremely impotant. And it becomes a very difficult problem that a lot of tourism translators face together.   
Generally speaking, scenic spot is a basic realm unit which consists of several related sceneries and is marked by its independence, integrity and satisfying aesthetic standards and sensibilities. It includes natural sceneries like the mountains and rivers, the lakes and seas, the landforms, the forests, the animals and plantes, the fossils, the special geology, the astronomy meteorology; cultural heritages and historical relics like sites of revolutionary commemoration, historical ruins, landscape architectures and gardens, buildings, facilities and local environment these scenic spots situate as well as local conditions and customs there. All scenic spots have their own ornamental, cultural and scientific values.
According to the analysis of translation activities and names of tourist attractions, we found that to scenic spots’ names, it’s very important to learn their cultural and language characteristics and connotation clearly; to translation activities, we should dialectically view the prolems but not impose uniformity on them. We have to make a thorough analysis of scenic spots’ cultural and language characteristics and connotation. When translating, using a variety of translation methods in order to achieve best effects. Scenic spots are windows to promote Chinese culture, so we have to clean and polish the windows with serious attitude.

Keywords: attractions translation; the classification and characteristics; lexical features; cultural features ; rhetorical features; analysis of translated names; translation strategies

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