映照与偏离 —— 论《离开科罗诺斯之路》与《俄狄浦斯在科罗诺斯》

ABSTRACT

Edward Morgan Forster (1987-1970) was a famous English novelist, short story writer and essayist in 20th century. As a modern writer, Forster liked overseas travels which widened his view of the world and affected his writing deeply. Although The Road from Colonus is a short story written by E. M. Forster in his early literary career, it is worth being discussed for its accordance with Forster' s major settings(Greece, Italy and India) and thoughts. It is especially significant to compare this short story with Oedipus at Colonus by Greek tragedian Sophocles(c.497-406B.C.) because they share paralleling structure and characters, but end in different ways. Therefore, this thesis adopts the basic approaches — plot, characters and symbols, as well as the unique angle of gods discussion, to make the comparisons between the two works clear and meaningful. The mirrorings in the two works are functioned as preparations for their departures in their meanings. While the mirriorings are external, the ironic departures in the modern story from the ancient tragedy are the true focus. In this way, the comparison made between the Greek tragedy and modern story provides us with broad insights into the themes of society and the essence of human beings. These are also the focus of E. M. Forster who reflects not only on the modern relationship between father and daughters in the short story, but also between man and man, between man and nature, and between man and gods in a broader sense.

Key Words: Comparisons, The Road from Colonus , Oedipus at Colonus
 
摘  要

 爱德华•摩根•福斯特是20世纪英国著名的小说家。他的小说结构精巧，寓意深刻，致力于反映20世纪英国的社会风貌以及阶级形态，以探索出医治社会疮疤的良药。《离开科罗诺斯之路》虽是福斯特早期的短篇小说，却能集中体现福斯特小说创作的基本风格和中心思想。在这篇小说中，人物与情节的设置与古希腊悲剧大家索福克罗斯的《俄狄浦斯在科罗诺斯》十分相似，但是这种巧妙的相似实则是为两者的偏离作好铺垫，而福斯特短篇小说的意义也在于讨论两者的偏离与探索偏离的社会原因，因此比较两部作品显得尤为重要。论文分别从基本的情节，人物和意向角度，以及审视作品中神的参与来比较这两部作品。通过以古为镜审视现代社会父女之间，人与人之间，人与自然和人与神的关系问题，这是福斯特的创作意图与希望。

关键词：比较；离开科罗诺斯之路；俄狄浦斯在科罗诺斯；偏离

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