高校“去行政化”问题研究

摘　要
高校“行政化”可以分为两个层次，即外部“行政化”与内部“行政化”。外部“行政化”是指政府以管理行政部门的手段和思维来管理高等教育和高校；内部“行政化”是指本该由学术人员享有的学术事务决定权被行政人员所掌握，用行政管理方式来处理学术事务。高校“行政化”造成了严重的后果，如权力倒错、主体倒错、价值系统倒错、不合格和伪劣现象严重、机构恶性膨胀、冗员过剩、教育资源浪费惊人等。对于高校“行政化”的成因，有文化历史方面的原因，有制度方面的原因，也有利益诱导方面的原因。而高校要“去行政化”，从宏观层面来讲，要落实高校办学自主权、转变政府职能、完善相关的法规；从微观层面来讲，要确立行政权力服务化的理念，并从制度层面建立以学术权力为主导的权力机制。南方科技大学和吉林大学的不同的“去行政化”改革实践对我们非常具有借鉴意义。结合我国的实际，我国只有从高校内部的改革入手，辅以政府相关政策的强力保障，才能最终由内而外地达成“去行政化”的目标。
关键词：高校；“去行政化”；办学自主权；学术权力
Abstract

De-administration in colleges and universities may divide into two levels, namely outside administration and internal administration. Outside administration in colleges and universities refers to that the government manages the higher education and the colleges and universities with administrative department's method and thought; Internal administration in colleges and universities refers to that the academic business decision-making power is grasped by the administrative personnel , not by the academic personnel, that is processing academic business with administrative way. Administration in colleges and universities has created the serious consequence, like the authority to pervert, the main body to pervert, the value system to pervert, serious unqualified and the spurious phenomenon, the organization inflating, the superfluous personnel to be surplus, educational resources wasting and so on. Regarding to the origin of administration, there are the literacy and history reason, the system reason, and the inducing benefit reason. But if the colleges and universities want to realize de-administration, speaking from the macro, we must carry out the school autonomy of the colleges and universities, transform the government function, and consummate the related laws and regulations; speaking from the micro, we must establish the concept of administrative power service-oriented, and take academic power as leading power mechanism from system stratification. What’s more, the different ways of de-administration in South University of Technology and Jilin University are very important for us. With China's reality, we’d better achieve the target of de-administration in colleges and universities, from the university internal reforms start, combined with strong protection of government policy.

Key Words: colleges and universities; de-administration; school autonomy; academic power

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